Despite Past Anti-Torture Rhetoric, Graham Places Hold On Anti-Waterboarding Bill
Despite Past Anti-Torture Rhetoric, Graham Places Hold On Anti-Waterboarding Bill
Yesterday, the House passed a bill that bans waterboarding and holds the CIA “to the interrogation tactics permitted by the Army Field Manual on Human Intelligence Collector Operations.” President Bush has said he would veto the bill.
But he may not get the opportunity. Earlier today, Sen. Lindsey Graham (R-SC) placed a hold on the Senate version of the bill, blocking it from coming to a vote. He said the bill was “ill-advised” and would “destroy” a “lawful” program:
The Senate was prevented from voting on the intelligence bill because Sen. Lindsay Graham, R-S.C., placed a hold on it while the GOP procedural challenge goes forward.
“I think quite frankly applying the Army field manual to the CIA would be ill-advised and would destroy a program that I think is lawful and helps the country,” Graham said in an interview.
Graham’s effort to protect Bush’s torture policies directly contradicts his recent anti-torture rhetoric. Just this week, Graham raked Brigadier General Thomas W. Hartmann, the legal adviser at Guantanamo Bay, over the coals for refusing to call waterboarding torture, even if done by Iranian “secret security agents” on an American pilot.
Given his record, the gap between Graham’s rhetoric and his legislative action isn’t altogether surprising.
In October, Graham hinted that he might oppose Michael Mukasey’s nomination unless he said waterboarding was illegal. But after Mukasey continued to refuse to explicitly call waterboarding torture, Graham reneged and helped push Mukasey through the Senate.
So, despite the fact that Graham believes a person doesn’t need “a lot of knowledge about the law” to know that waterboarding “violates” [the] Geneva Convention,” he is now blocking efforts to outlaw the CIA’s use of it.
Topic Cloud
ArchivesBlog Roll
So is that a Specter moment? Blowing hot air then licking the boot of bushco? Gee what a surprise. I cant wait for Graham to get outed, so he resigns in disgrace.
December 14th, 2007 at 7:28 pmcan anyone explain why woolsey and kucinich voted against the anti-warterboarding bill?
i’m trying to figure it out, and can’t….
i have yet to read a statement from the staffers at either politician’s office…
December 14th, 2007 at 7:29 pmHow long would Lindsay have to be waterboarded before he’d come out of the closet or men’s room stall?
December 14th, 2007 at 7:30 pmNot quite accurate. Besides waterboarding there may be something else they do during interrogations that isn’t in the manual. The bill doesn’t just outlaw waterboarding so Graham can claim it restricts intelligence in some other way. If it only banned waterboarding he would be a complete hypocrite without question.
Don’t get me wrong, I think he did for evil reasons and I also think he’s a self loathing closeted homosexual and one of the worst snakes in the grass ever. But, this report was somewhat misinforming.
We have to call both sides out if we want honest debate.
December 14th, 2007 at 7:34 pmDo I have this right? Dodd puts a hold on the FISA bill and is ignored. Graham puts a hold on and it tables the bill. We ARE the majority party, aren’t we?
December 14th, 2007 at 7:34 pmHarry Reid needs to go.
.
Since when did torture
become legal that Congress
has to go and make it illegal…
… A G A I N?
.
December 14th, 2007 at 7:36 pm’m trying to figure it out, and can’t….
i have yet to read a statement from the staffers at either politician’s office…
Comment by darladoon
My guess is because by passing a law outlawing waterboarding you are saying, by implication, that it was not illegal in the first place. I am really surprised that Bush and company didn’t embrace this bill. Then, if anyone tried to bring them up on charges of violating the law by approving waterboarding, they could say, well if it wasn’t legal then why did Congress have to pass a law to make it illegal?
December 14th, 2007 at 7:36 pmSen. LinSeed GrahamCracker seeks to out STUPID his own party!!!
And he’s HUGE CO(K SU(KING LIAR ALL OF THE TIME!!!
December 14th, 2007 at 7:40 pmAs seasoned politician have told us for years, all options need to be on the table. Sure we would like sanctions but invasion or nuclear is needed to bring the other side to the table.
December 14th, 2007 at 7:40 pmIn this case, America needs to let tourists know that waterboarding, maybe chopping off an arm or a drill to the skull is…you know…on the table. Don’t force us to use those options. It will hurt us more than you.
But all options need to be on the table.
What will it take………… a war crimes tribunal against this country?
December 14th, 2007 at 7:41 pmLyndsey has been water-closet boarded and came out a better man.
-GSD
December 14th, 2007 at 7:44 pmLawful…yeah, it doesn’t matter that it is ALREADY ILLEGAL. It is lawful. Sure.
December 14th, 2007 at 7:44 pmCarsick, who will want to visit America if we threaten “tourists” with head-chopping, water-torture and skull drilling?
-GSD
December 14th, 2007 at 7:45 pmcarsick: “But all options need to be on the table.”
What kind of a sick, situational ethics position is that. We’re supposed to be a nation of laws. It’s against the law. Period. Grahm has got to be one of the slimiest weasels in the Senate. How can these weasels sanction something for which we have executed Japanese and Nazi soldiers? Have we gone completely crazy?
December 14th, 2007 at 7:46 pmIn this case, America needs to let tourists know that waterboarding, maybe chopping off an arm or a drill to the skull is…you know…on the table.
Comment by carsick — December 14, 2007 @ 7:40 pm
carsick,
You are a MORON!!! Your position contradicts most of the Generals and leadership in our military!!
Go away stuid a$$!!!
December 14th, 2007 at 7:47 pmWaterboarding has been illegal since the Spanish American War…they just didn’t teach history in the home schools of the reichwingnut thugs.
December 14th, 2007 at 7:47 pmmonkeywrench: “What will it take………… a war crimes tribunal against this country?”
No, but a war crimes trial against members of the Bush administration would be highly appropriate and consistent with history.
December 14th, 2007 at 7:48 pmGSD
December 14th, 2007 at 7:50 pmThem tourists are all up to no good. That’s why we’ve got the Radical Islamic tourist and immigration problems we’ve got. Obama Sim Problem’s folks got in here somehow!! Why some very respected people pee their pants (just a little bit) every time more tourists enter our country. Why don’t you?
Since Senator Reid doesn’t mind screwing a fellow Senator (Dodd) by IGNORING A HOLD he placed on the FISA Bill WITH Immunity for Telecoms, then I guess he won’t mind ignoring this hold?
December 14th, 2007 at 7:52 pmNo, but a war crimes trial against members of the Bush administration would be highly appropriate and consistent with history.
Comment by Ret. Col. Jack Ripper — December 14, 2007 @ 7:48 pm
And it would…
Send a signal to the rest of the world that we are still a nation of laws
Will not tolerate war crimes at any level in this DEMOCRACY
Reestablish the Democratic principal in international discussions
Make friends with old allies
Etc.!
December 14th, 2007 at 7:52 pm.
Oh, and Frank,
On the, “Clinton did it too,” argument you’ve asserted…
What if he did? I’ll even concede it too you and agree with you.
However so, you still have to prove how warrantless is legal and therefore Bush’s attempt to lay cover for collisional acts of treason by the big Telecoms is some how legal also.
…
…
… waiting…
.
December 14th, 2007 at 7:55 pmAnd, for the rest of you complaining, I say, in for a penny, in for a pound.
December 14th, 2007 at 7:59 pmToday waterboarding…tomorrow…can we bring back the stretcher?
Once we crossed that pesky Constitution/signed international treaty/moral barrier, I say, Go For It…all options are on the table.
Blowback, Schmowback and International Cooperation, Schmowoperation.
Let go of your morals folks and breath the free air of a New America.
Of course he’s a hypocrite, people; he’s a Republican.
December 14th, 2007 at 8:00 pmCarsick is rightwinger parody…
If he is isn’t, he is a 15 y/o mad because he can’t finish Halo 3.
December 14th, 2007 at 8:01 pm.
#24 Comment by carsick — December 14, 2007 @ 7:59 pm
Have you forgotten your team’s mantra?
“THEY hate us for our feedoms.”
Why give them more cause to hate us for our hypocrisy too?
.
December 14th, 2007 at 8:02 pmWhy does Harry Reid and the Senate honor Graham’s hold on the anti-torture bill, but disregard’s Chris Dodd’s hold on the FISA telecom amnesty bill?
Senator Graham and Bush just spent time campaigning together in his home state. Graham owes Bush.
Besides, Republicans think that no one has a memory.
December 14th, 2007 at 8:02 pmOne more thing: Nancy Pelosi’s ca. 2002 awareness of the practice of waterboarding, and Harry Reid’s impenetrable shenanigans regarding this bill and FISA illuminate what many of us suspected all along. Most–not all, but most–of the Democrats are just as complicit in the illegality and corruption of this administration as the dirty-kneed Republicans. They are skipping hand in hand toward a police state, sponsored by (corporate name of your choosing here).
There is no change. There is no opposition. From where I sit, there is no hope. And I despair.
December 14th, 2007 at 8:05 pm#29 Comment by Red Pill — December 14, 2007 @ 8:05 pm
A rose by any other name…
C O L L U S I O N!
.
December 14th, 2007 at 8:06 pmYo Max-1
December 14th, 2007 at 8:09 pmTalk to your HMO about your freedom, I’m talking about kicking ass and takin’ names. The New America – Unrestricted. Game over. Folks want to play word games about what is “torture” and what isn’t. And what is America without the rule of “law”.
Hell, I could show you tons of dictionaries that have different definitions of “words.”
America is past word games, nothing is torture.
What’s the price for your integrity and your very soul going for these days..?
December 14th, 2007 at 8:12 pmOT
House Judiciary Trio Calls for Impeach Cheney Hearings
Can also find this on Randi Rhodes web site.
Not sure which is most new worthy… th fact the media including all newspaper are not mentioning this or the call for impeachment itself.
December 14th, 2007 at 8:13 pmNo. 32 “What’s the price for your integrity and your very soul going for these days..?”
The president tells me the price is my securitay. Isn’t that enough?
December 14th, 2007 at 8:18 pmThe president tells me the price is my securitay. Isn’t that enough?
Comment by carsick — December 14, 2007 @ 8:18 pm
MORON!
December 14th, 2007 at 8:20 pmdixie blood,
December 14th, 2007 at 8:23 pmAs long as I got the Green, I got the Sheen, and the administration will give me the New Freein’. (somethin’ like that, I couldn’t keep the rhyme scheme going.)
#31 Comment by carsick — December 14, 2007 @ 8:09 pm
If you aren’t playing Devil’s advocate or being snarky, it is time you threw up somewhere else.
December 14th, 2007 at 8:23 pmbartlebee
December 14th, 2007 at 8:32 pmYou’re mistaken, in the context you used the word it should be “teh securitay.”
“America is past word games, nothing is torture.”
And there is no such thing as “security.”
December 14th, 2007 at 8:37 pmSee! See?
You’ve just defined the issue right there. (Just like the old song.)
You say “tor-ture”
I say “Tartar”*
You say “Poor, sir”
I say “Possible”
“Torture” “Tartar” “Poor,sir” “Possible”
Let’s call the whole thing off.
*ideally, instead of “tartar” I would have said “swimming lessons” or “backstroke” but it didn’t work with my already poor rhyming scheme.
December 14th, 2007 at 8:42 pmGraham is not unlike Specter — they talk the talk, they make sober pronouncements, they almost seem reasonable — then when it comes down to the wire, they are yanked back on their leashes, and like good little lapdogs, they do their master’s bidding, lick his hand and smell his ass.
December 14th, 2007 at 8:48 pmIndeed, it is hard to do satire when the administration does it best simply because they have the Constitution, a bigger microphone and typewriter…and a bigger shredder.
December 14th, 2007 at 8:50 pm#12 GSD sez,
Lyndsey has been water-closet boarded
Are they giving swirlies in the men’s room these days?
December 14th, 2007 at 8:54 pmThat explains it! That’s what the GOP thinks is waterboarding!
Somehow, this still seems surprising… I know, I know…
But still…
December 14th, 2007 at 9:03 pmMerry Christmas, Osama! We are still giving away our way of life in fear! Isn’t that what terrorists want?
December 14th, 2007 at 9:25 pmAll talk, no walk.
December 14th, 2007 at 9:43 pmArn
December 14th, 2007 at 9:52 pmThere may be a lot to be angry about but please realize that Bold Capital letters do not solve anything. It makes you appear to be unable to channel your energies into constructive enterprise.
“So is that a Specter moment? Blowing hot air then licking the boot of bushco? Gee what a surprise. I cant wait for Graham to get outed, so he resigns in disgrace.”
No Specter moment. He didn’t even make a stab at sounding reasonable. This “moderate” Republican sounds like an Oklahoman.
December 14th, 2007 at 10:50 pmIt is time to waterboard Sen. Lindsey Graham! There is nothing lawfull about Torture! Specialy when it is a WAR CRIMINAL IN THE WHITE HOUSE who insists that it is legal!!!! Time to Waterboard you, Mr. Graham, you earned it!
December 14th, 2007 at 11:07 pmEat shit and die, Graham.
December 14th, 2007 at 11:52 pm“Americans are in power.”
Don’t you mean corporate America?
December 15th, 2007 at 12:01 amComment by O. Bigfoot — December 15, 2007 @ 12:00 am
So it’s A-okay with you if any of our troops are captured and subjected to the same treatment?
We took the fight to “them?” Who? The Iraqis? The people even your Great King acknowledges had NOTHING to do with 9/11?
Way to support the troops, Dumbass. Stop pissing yourself.
December 15th, 2007 at 12:12 amBartlebee, they all look the same to Bigfoot.
December 15th, 2007 at 12:38 amTo be fair, Bush only missed by one border. He was just a little too north.
December 15th, 2007 at 12:48 amNot at all. Since waterboarding as practiced by the U.S. does not constitute torture.
The United States does not utilize torture. Your continued assertion that the U.S. endorses torture simply does not make your lie into truth.
Comment by O. Bigfoot — December 15, 2007 @ 2:36 am
Hold on one minute here, friend. On whose word are you stating that “waterboarding as practiced by the U.S. does not constitute torture”? The government’s? Hardly a reliable source I think you must agree, as they have zero credibility when asked about anything even remotely illegal. That is an indisputable fact. Waterboarding is torture. Only a sick human being would see any justification for its use, no matter how many ridiculous, and never going to happen in real life, scenarios of the Jack Bauer fantasy they love to terrify people with.
As to your next two disconnected statements (another straw man, BTW), you ignore the well-reported fact that we have renditioned prisoners to countries that do utilize torture, so the U.S. does endorse torture. It is the truth.
December 15th, 2007 at 2:46 amO Bigfoot,
All you said is ignorant at best, and most likely, outright lies.
The majority believe it IS torture. Not to mention the ONLY republican Presidential candidate to have been waterboarded by our enemies says it is, most definitely, torture.
The acting Legal Counsel at the justice department (appointed by Bush), Daniel Levin, submitted to Water Boarding to make his decision. He concludd that it was torture and was dismissed.
The instructors at the SEAR school, namely Malcolm Nance, says it is torture.
The rest of the world says it is torture. It is torture
Those that have fought for this country do so because this country does not torture. We are better than our enemies. We stand for Justice and morality. It is difficult to kill for anything less.
Another, lie. We chose to fight them. We invaded their country. This doesn’t even consider how flimsy the evidence is when we catch the people we “don’t torture” with waterboarding.
You obviously have no idea what it takes to stand up on principle and don’t understand what the US was based on. At the very least, you could use facts , instead of stating what you would like to be true and then not backing any of it up.
December 15th, 2007 at 3:30 amYou nutty libs… Waterboarding is not torture. Not even close. You Bush haters have so blurred the line between torture and reasonable interrogation techniques, none of you could possibly conduct a productive interrogation to save your lives with how you super-sensitive types define torture. I went through waterboarding training back in the day, and it sucked. Bad. So, I suppose I could sue the government for torture because they trained me? If we can take it, so can they.
“These guys are committing sucide left and right in Gitmo…” BARTLEBEE
This is a lie. Plain and simple. The islamists are treated like kings at Gitmo. They have more freedom and goodies than the troops guarding them. They have Constitutional protections for crying out loud. How absurd. Only a handful have offed themselves at Gitmo – and good riddance. Get your facts straight.
“Call these things what you will, but they’re war crimes in any other civiilized nation, and to MOST of the civilized population of our planet.”
It’s funny none of you anti America types cried a river when Slick Willy’s CIA was doing the same thing. Your pure hatred of all things Bush has so clouded your ability to reason, that only a complete socialist dictatorship will make you happy.
December 15th, 2007 at 5:30 am“When the water enters your lungs, you ARE drowning.”
Comment by BARTLEBEE
I knew you were misguided, but now I am beginning to think you don’t have the capacity to be honest. First, water does not get poured into your lungs. It is, in fact, simulated drowning. Something is put over the suspects mouth (plastic, towel, etc.) and it does feel like you are drowning, but you’re not. No one has ever died from this technique. It is quite uncomfortable, but far from torture. It is a very effective technique without bodily harm being done.
Bart, dude, you really need to check what you post so you don’t end up looking like a horse’s hind parts.
December 15th, 2007 at 5:41 amA law outlawing waterboarding . . . what a joke.
We, as parties to the Geneva Convention (a treaty), are forbidden from torture. We have prosecuted foreigners for waterboarding American military.
We don’t need a law, we need a clue. Article Six of the United States Constitution:
“This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding.”
I don’t see a Bush “terrorist” exemption. Just follow the rule of law . . . enforce it . . . we do not need extra legislation stating that we will abide by the Constitution.
December 15th, 2007 at 6:15 amBush may not sign Kyoto, but is he really so willing to renig on the Geneva Treaty . . . Congress should force him on the issue . . . He has already in fact, if not in legislation stated that he will not adhere to a Treaty made under the Authority of the United States . . . if we don’t intend to adhere to it, we should renounce it . . . Pelosi get a spine . . . force the issue . . .
The only thing we have to fear is fear itself, in which case, the only thing we have to fear is wrong doing and complicity by our own party. Feel the fear and do it anyway.
Enough. This is crap and EVERYBODY knows it.
Clean house . . . even if you are swept out in the process.
It’s your duty Nancy.
December 15th, 2007 at 6:21 am“We have prosecuted foreigners for waterboarding American military.”
- rockyroad
BS. Name one case. This is a lie.
“Just follow the rule of law . . . enforce it . . . ”
- rockyroad
Does that go for illegal aliens, too? Securing the border? Lying under oath? Lib voter fraud in Chi, IL and OH, and suppressing military absentee votes in FL in 2000? etc, etc, etc. I could go on, but even you nutty libs get the point.
You nutty libs, you have very selective outrage.
December 15th, 2007 at 6:56 amI knew you were misguided, but now I am beginning to think you don’t have the capacity to be honest. First, water does not get poured into your lungs. It is, in fact, simulated drowning. Something is put over the suspects mouth (plastic, towel, etc.) and it does feel like you are drowning, but you’re not. No one has ever died from this technique. It is quite uncomfortable, but far from torture. It is a very effective technique without bodily harm being done.
Bart, dude, you really need to check what you post so you don’t end up looking like a horse’s hind parts.
Comment by Stubain — December 15, 2007 @ 5:41 am
From TPMmuckraker
“We have prosecuted foreigners for waterboarding American military.â€
- rockyroad
BS. Name one case. This is a lie.
Comment by Stubain — December 15, 2007 @ 6:56 am
From an article about Mukasey’s confirmation hearings:
There’s your confirmation that waterboarding has resulted in death and that it is drowning, and there’s your name of someone who was convicted. Are there any other “facts” in your collection that need correcting?
December 15th, 2007 at 7:16 am“carrying out another form of waterboarding”
Pay attention. “another form…” Meaning not as controlled and systematic as we do it. Nice try though, I will give you that.
“…that waterboarding has resulted in death…” Reread your post and dig a little deeper. No death. I have researched this topic to an exhausting extent. There is no recorded case of waterboarding, when done correctly or incorrectly, that resulted in a death. If you find one, please let me know because I can’t find one. If someone did drown, it’s not waterboarding and those conducting that interrogation should be prosecuted.
You are a slickery little booger. You don’t gamble do you? If you did, you would know when to cut your loses and go home.
As for Nance… The name rings a bell… I simply disagree with him. “Counterterrorism expert” is a stretch, in my opinion.
December 15th, 2007 at 7:59 amHas anyone heard the rumor that Sen. Lindsey Graham is gay? (Not that there’s anything wrong with that.)
December 15th, 2007 at 10:26 amNaw, just let his sister drown him. I wish I had a buck for every reptard fear-and-hate party yammerhead who comes on here whining about hatred and some tinfoil socialist agenda, vommiting his projections all over the landscape…have at him, sis!
December 15th, 2007 at 12:15 pmGraham must use the men’s restroom stall located between Larry Craig’s and Arlen Specter’s.
“Speak loudly and carry a limp stick.”
December 15th, 2007 at 12:56 pmTo paraphrase Al Gore, “the rules (Geneva Conventions, War Crimes Act of 96, etc), don’t care what you think, you JAG Off.”
December 15th, 2007 at 10:46 pmStubain: If these techniques are all on the up and up, not torture, why is it done in secrecy, and why is the CIA destroying tapes? Don’t they want to have proof that they are legit?
And as to your comment that prisoners have Constitutional rights, would you care to elaborate whether you meant some or all, and possibly which ones they do not have.
How is it that you have the proper security clearance and need-to-know to state the “facts” that you purport as truths?
December 16th, 2007 at 11:33 amStubain is a brave and powerful citizen, and we should all defer to his expertise in this matter. I’m sure tis site would be willing to post a detailed video where he undergoes the “harsh interrogation” tactic he believes is so harmless. We can watch him laugh as the water fills his nasal passages, shrug it off as it begins to pour down his trachea, triggering the instantaneous laryngospasm that reduces weaker people to a state of agony inside of thirty seconds. He’ll show us how it’s done.
December 16th, 2007 at 3:32 pmOk !-ok! here’s a joke about two cockroaches sittin on chunk of concret overlooking a pile of radio-active rubble:
Hey, Stan, what’s that we’re looking at?
Ollie says Stan: you goof, that is what is left of the most honest, forthright and noble city on what’s left of earth. They were known not to torture the terrorists whom they captured and released! These were the same guys who set the nuclear bomb off!!
Stan says to Ollie: Well I don’t think that’s a funny joke!
Yeah but the Terrorists Did!!
Ollie: Oh I get it! We inherited the Earth. Cool. Taste what’s left of this kid over here. Yuuummmmm!
Remember boys & girly boys, girls & manly-girls , cross-dressers, sexually confused trans-gender its, that the Congressmen and Senators that vote for NO-WATERBOARDING are willing to let you and your (whatever) world be a victim of Islam Clerics. Is that ok with you?? Hope so, because that’s what you will get within 5 years or less if this stupid effort becomes law!!
I’ll trade you [1] Islamic/Muslim terrorist for 67,000 Mexigrants! 13 gays and two tasty Canadians.(Thanks Ian Punnit).
Mr. CoffeCup say “O-Tay”
December 17th, 2007 at 1:25 amWhy don’t you just lay it out straight, coffee? “torturing people will keep us safe.”( they didn’t torture so they got blown up) Also, “people against torture want to “release” the terrorists.” Remember, (manly-man who really looks for action in the men’s-room stalls when you think no one is paying attention), that your first assertion not only is unproven, inherently not demonstrable and utterly lacking of any historical validation, but also reeks of the kind of fear and cowardice that destroys rather than strengthens a civilization. Your second assertion is just a typical lie, a strawman thrown up to make your stupidity and moral cowardice look reasonable. My 85 year-old father fought in France and remains proud to this day that at no time did his unit, or any other unit he was aware of stoop to the level of the enemy’s barbarity. If you can’t understand that, you should be living someplace where morals are replaced by blind obedience.
December 17th, 2007 at 2:03 amWaterboarding Used to Be a Crime
By Evan Wallach
Sunday, November 4, 2007; Page B01
. . . .
After World War II, we convicted several Japanese soldiers for waterboarding American and Allied prisoners of war. At the trial of his captors, then-Lt. Chase J. Nielsen, one of the 1942 Army Air Forces officers who flew in the Doolittle Raid and was captured by the Japanese, testified: “I was given several types of torture. . . . I was given what they call the water cure.” He was asked what he felt when the Japanese soldiers poured the water. “Well, I felt more or less like I was drowning,” he replied, “just gasping between life and death.”
Nielsen’s experience was not unique. Nor was the prosecution of his captors.
. . . .
Ust a refresher for America’s historic view and response to waterboarding.
December 17th, 2007 at 3:38 amUst, Just, whatever.
December 17th, 2007 at 4:22 am