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Is There a Lesson To Be Learned From the Soviet Experience In Afghanistan?

This weekend, current U.S. Ambassador to Iraq, Zalmay Khalilzad, will appear on numerous Sunday shows: NBC’s Meet the Press, ABC’s This Week with George Stephanopoulos, Fox News Sunday, and CNN Late Edition.

In February 1989, Khalilzad penned an op-ed in the Washington Post explaining “How the Good Guys Won In Afghanistan.” His argument was simple: the Soviets underestimated the level of insurgent resistance they would face. Through persistence, the insurgency ultimately drove the Soviets out of Afghanistan.

Here’s what he wrote:

The key to the victory was that we came to believe — Afghans and Americans — that the Soviets could be stopped. Once we gained that confidence, everything else was possible. But it didn’t start out that way. When the Soviets invaded in 1979, they felt confident that they would prevail. And conventional wisdom in the West, too, assumed that Afghanistan could not withstand Soviet power.

The Soviets had expected a quick victory. When it eluded them, they changed tactics. Initially, they employed large formations in the countryside against the mujaheddin. The Afghans refused to fight a conventional war and instead adopted hit-and-run tactics — using to the maximum their familiarity with the local terrain.

When Mikhail Gorbachev assumed power in March 1985, he inherited an Afghanistan that had become a Soviet quagmire.

Increasingly after 1986, Gorbachev seemed to recognize that the Soviets did not have a war-winning strategy. The war was also becoming unpopular at home and even within the Soviet armed forces By the end of 1986, Gorbachev began to seek terms for a Soviet withdrawal. The war was a drain on the Soviet economy. ["How the Good Guys Won In Aghanistan," Zalmay Khalilzad, Washington Post, 2/12/89]

The question for Khalilzad: are there any lessons for our current struggle in Iraq that we can glean from the Soviet experience in Afghanistan?

Politics

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Politics

Getting it Right on Reagan and Civil Rights

In endorsing extension of the Voting Rights Act, the President has taken a strong step advocated by civil rights activists. The only ones who could be disappointed by the President’s actions are not those truly concerned about the right to vote but rather those who, for whatever reason, were simply spoiling for a fight that never materialized.

In 1981, John Roberts wrote the above statement to close out the draft of an op-ed responding to publicly published criticisms from then-president of the National Urban League Vernon Jordan. Roberts’ eagerness to dabble in politics is interesting, especially considering the present administration’s attempts to paint him as simply an advocate of a client. What is more interesting, however, are his attempts at revisionist history.

When California governor Ronald Reagan kicked off his bid for the presidency the year before, “he began his campaign with a controversial appearance in Philadelphia, Miss., where three civil rights workers had been brutally killed. It was at that sore spot on the racial map that Reagan revived talk about states’ rights and curbing the power of the federal government. To many it sounded like code for announcing himself as the candidate for white segregationists.” That same year, Reagan publicly opposed the landmark Voting Rights Act, calling it “humiliating to the South.”

Roberts certainly was no champion of civil rights either. In his time with the Reagan administration, “he wrote vigorous defenses of the administration’s version of a voting rights bill, opposed by Congress, that would have narrowed the reach of the 1965 Voting Rights Act [and] he wrote a memo arguing that it was constitutionally acceptable for Congress to strip the Supreme Court of its ability to hear broad classes of civil rights cases.”

What Reagan did by signing an extension of the Voting Rights Act pales in comparison to how much the President and his administration did to undermine the very same legislation.

Politics

21 Administration Officials Involved In Plame Leak

Thus far, the media coverage of the outing of Valerie Plame has focused on a few central figures, most of all Karl Rove. But the evidence that has come to light to date suggests involvement by numerous Bush officials at all levels across multiple departments.

Think Progress has created a comprehensive database cataloguing the connections of 21 administration officials to the outing of an undercover CIA agent. It will be updated regularly to reflect news developments on the case and will serve as a reference for anyone looking for the most up to date information on the investigation.

Here is what ABC’s The Note has to say about it:

In an age when the general public would be shocked at the degree to which major news organizations are wholly dependent on interest groups for their research, this one will get some Gang of 500 bookmarking.

Check it out and spread the word.

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