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HIV Rate Rises In Uganda After AIDS Prevention Strategies Shifted Focus Abstinence-Only Policies

Widowed by AIDS in Uganda.

Uganda had seen a sharp decrease in the nation’s AIDS rate, but after its decline in the 1990s inspired public health strategies to fight HIV infections, a new study shows that Uganda and Chad are the only two African nations where the number of AIDS cases is rising.

The HIV infection rate in Uganda grew from 6.4 percent in 2005 to 7.3 percent in 2012. But at roughly the same time, the United States spent about $1.7 billion to fight AIDS in Uganda through the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), which teamed up with faith-based groups in 2003 and emphasized abstinence. Instead of continuing Uganda’s decreasing number of HIV infections, the survey shows that the public health campaigns, including the PEPFAR-sponsored “Get Off the Sexual Network” message, may have backfired:

On one hand, 90 percent of Ugandans today acknowledge sexual fidelity in a relationship as a health imperative, according to the survey results; on the other hand, roughly 25 percent of married men said they had multiple sexual partners.

The survey found that 75 percent of Ugandans were knowledgeable about condoms in sexual health but that fewer than 8 percent of married men who were having sex outside their marriage were using condoms.

Uganda’s hard-line approach toward homosexuality, which is outlawed here, also fuels the spread of AIDS, experts say. One report indicated that one-third of the male respondents who had sex with other men said they had previously been married to women and fathered children. Fewer than half use condoms.

Pepfar’s founding policies barred partnering with organizations that did not condemn prostitution, and called for 33 percent of financing to be spent on abstinence and fidelity programs.

“If you have an environment that stigmatizes them, then don’t expect people to use condoms,” said Canon Gideon Byamugisha, a religious leader and AIDS activist in Uganda. Byamugisha told the New York Times that the country has “confusing” messages in its fight against HIV/AIDS.

When Congress reauthorized PEPFAR in 2008, the program dropped a directive to promote abstinence until marriage; however, it still emphasizes abstinence and fidelity. In his 2013 budget, President Obama requested $6.4 billion for PEPFAR.

Herman Cain: Gays Protesting Chick-fil-A Are Just Seeking Attention

Herman Cain, the onetime GOP presidential frontrunner, weighed into the Chick-fil-A controversy during an appearance on Fox News on Friday and insisted that gay people are protesting the company’s opposition to equality for attention.

“This is simply an attempt on the part of the gay community to try and leverage their beliefs on another institution, a private company, since they can’t seem to get enough attention. That is what this is all about,” Cain told host Eric Bolling. Watch it:

Cain, who claimed that he spoke with Chick-fil-A CEO Dan Cathy, said that the company’s sales exceeded $30 million during Wednesday’s “appreciation day,” “almost twice his previous high.” “They are going do take a lot of the excess profits they got on that day and contribute it to the charitable organizations they support in even bigger numbers,” Cain added.

The fast food chain has already donated millions of dollars to anti-gay organizations, including “reparative therapy” groups like Exodus International. Chick-fil-A is one of a very small number of major national companies that refuses to offer any employment protections to LGBT employees. In fact, the company received a 0 rating from the Human Rights Campaign and has a record of firing employees it believes engage in “sinful” behavior. Activists from across the country are protesting the company after its president condemned homosexuality in a recent radio interview.

On Thursday, Cain appeared on Fox News and praised Cathy for being “man enough and Christian enough” to oppose same-sex marriage.

Justice

President Obama Nominates Fifth Openly Gay Nominee To The Federal Bench

Judicial Nominee Pamela Ki Mai Chen

Since taking office, President Obama has quadrupled the number of openly gay judges holding lifetime appointments to the federal bench, although this fact has as much to do with the poor record of past presidents in naming gay judges as it does with President Obama’s commitment to diversity. Before Obama took office, only one openly gay judge — Clinton appointee Deborah Batts — was an Article III federal judge.

Yesterday, Obama announced his fifth openly gay nominee to the federal bench, federal prosecutor Pamela Ki Mai Chen, who will join the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York if confirmed. Chen spent much of her career in civil rights enforcement, and is currently the Chief of the Civil Rights Section and Deputy Chief of the Public Integrity Section at a U.S Attorney’s office in New York.

Even if she is confirmed, however, gay Americans will remain massively underrepresented on the federal bench. Significantly, no openly gay judge has ever served on a United States Court of Appeals. Although President Obama nominated gay attorney Edward DuMont to a federal appeals court, DuMont eventually withdrew his nomination after he failed to receive a Judiciary Committee hearing in the face of Republican objections to his nomination.

NEWS FLASH

Fred Karger Launches Amway Boycott For NOM Support | The anti-gay National Organization for Marriage fervently hides its 501(c)(4) donors, but still has to disclose the donors to its Education Fund (the Ruth Institute), its 501(c)(3). Last year, ThinkProgress reported that NOM had received $500,000 from Douglas DeVos, president of the Amway company. Fred Karger, fresh off the presidential campaign trail, has launched a boycott of Amway and all other subsidiaries owned by the DeVos family. In his letter to DeVos, Karger invited Amway to settle the boycott by donating comparable funds to LGBT equality organizations so as to be ”a good corporate citizen and work toward full equality, fairness and respect for everyone in our great country.”

Pro-LGBT Businesses’ PACs Help Bankroll Anti-LGBT U.S. Representatives

Boeing at the 2005 Seattle Pride Parade

Boeing at the Seattle Pride Parade (credit: Michael Hanscom)

Last month, ThinkProgress identified seven U.S. Representatives — all Republicans — who have sponsored or co-sponsored the most anti-LGBT measures in the current Congress.

Reps. Todd Akin (R-MO), Dan Burton (R-IN), Phil Gingrey (R-GA), Vicky Hartzler (R-MO), Tim Huelskamp (R-KS), Doug Lamborn (R-CO), and Donald Manzullo (R-IL) have received a combined $664,894 from ten business PACs — five from otherwise strongly pro-LGBT companies and five from trade associations — since the start of the 2009-2010 campaign cycle.

Business PAC donors to the Anti-Gay 7

The Human Rights Campaign (HRC) publishes an annual Corporate Equality Index, examining how businesses treat gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender employees. The companies connected to the five business PACs all earned high marks in the 2012 report: Northrop Grumman Corporation earned a 75 score (out of 100), Honeywell International and The Boeing Company each earned 85 scores, and AT&T Inc. and Lockheed Martin Corporation garnered perfect 100 ratings.

While HRC does not evaluate trade associations, the American Bankers Association, American Society of Anesthesiologists, and National Association of Realtors all have non-discrimination policies for LGBT employees. Read more

Health

State With Highest Teen Pregnancy Rate Slowly Moving Away From Abstinence-Only

As Mississippi struggles with the highest rate of teen pregnancy in the country, a majority of school districts are doubling down on a abstinence-only instruction, largely ignoring a 2011 state law that requires Mississippi schools to teach some form of sex education. But a growing number are abandoning the failed approach and opting for small steps toward a more honest conversation about sexual health.

The 2011 measure to provide gender-separated sexual education — which requires parents to give permission for their children to attend the classes — goes into effect for this upcoming school year, though the state Department of Education reports that 81 of Mississippi’s school districts, over half, have chosen to retain abstinence-only as their sole method of instruction. Seventy-one districts will adopt “abstinence-plus” classes that will continue to advocate for abstaining from sex, but include the mention of some forms of contraception.

Health advocates say that “abstinence-plus” could help slowly move the state in the right direction. “We are pleased and excited that so many districts decided to go with abstinence-plus,” Jamie H. Bardwell, the program director for the Women’s Fund of Mississippi said. “It definitely shows a need and a desire for more than just abstinence-only. It reflects the reality that 76 percent of Mississippi 12th-graders have already had sex.”

Faced with staggering teen pregnancy rates — teen pregnancy rate is highest in states with abstinence-only policies — some conservatives are starting to abandon abstinence-only policies in favor of contraceptive options. Eighty-eight percent of Evangelicals now support birth control and 82 percent of Catholics believe birth control is morally acceptable.

Transforming high rates of support for birth control into high rates of young people using birth control, however, involves teaching students what they need to know about it. A growing number of conservative school districts broadening their abstinence education programs to include “abstinence-plus” is the beginning of this process.

New Survey Provides Unique Insights Into Gay And Lesbian Consumer Habits

A new study from Community Marketing, Inc. provides insights about how gay men and lesbians spend their money and live their lives.While the survey is geared toward branding and advertising data, the results also have important implications for the health of the LGBT community as well as for understanding how the community’s culture continues to evolve. Here are some of the findings (Note: Though the study included people who identify as bisexual and transgender, the reported data focused almost exclusively on gay man and lesbians, which perhaps is itself an interesting insight into expectations for LGBT marketing.):

  • Gay men and lesbians have gym memberships (38 percent) at higher rates than the national average (24 percent).
  • Gay men (27 percent) and lesbians (23 percent) smoke cigarettes at higher rates than the national averages for adult men (22 percent) and women (17 percent).
  • Gay men, especially those ages 18-29, are much more likely to drink spirits or cocktails than beer, though beer is twice as popular on average nationally among men.
  • The acronym “LGBT” is increasingly more popular than “GLBT,” though gay men prefer to be branded under the less-inclusive “Gay & Lesbian” umbrella.
  • JCPenney’s partnership with Ellen DeGeneres had a huge impact on improving the company’s favorability among gay mean and lesbians.
  • President Obama has strong support from gay men (77 percent) and lesbians (84 percent), including 79 percent of LGBT people in Ohio and 78 percent in Florida.

Read the full study for additional details, such as how gay men and lesbians use technology, respond to branding, and participate in giving to LGBT advocacy organizations.

Mississippi Governor Doesn’t Even Consider Same-Sex Pairings To Be ‘Couples’

Gov. Phil Bryant with his wife, Deborah, and the Bible on which he was sworn into office.

Last week, a black couple was told that they could not hold their wedding at the predominantly white Baptist church they attend in Mississippi, a sad reminder that “religious freedom” can just as easily be used to discriminate based on race as it can sexual orientation — at least within the church’s walls. Gov. Phil Bryant (R) responded that the incident was “unfortunate” and has “tainted” Mississippi’s image, in spite of their efforts “to convince the rest of the world that Mississippi has changed.” Bryant said he believes that all couples who want to marry should be able to — except gay couples, because he doesn’t even consider them couples:

BRYANT: Look, when people want to get married, we ought to let them get married. We have enough people that won’t go and get married. I want to make every opportunity I can for any couple that wants to, to go get married.

…I wouldn’t say gay couples, no. I’d say a man and a woman. Let me make sure, let’s get that right. When I say couples, I automatically assume it’s a man and a woman.

If Bryant is so concerned about the reputation of his state, perhaps he should become more familiar with it. According to the 2010 Census, Mississippi has well over 3,000 same-sex couples living there, constituting 3 out of every 1,000 households. A quarter of them (26 percent) are raising children. The numbers may be small, but they are not trivial. It’s clear that Bryant wants people to perceive his state as inclusive of some, but not inclusive of all.

NEWS FLASH

Marriage Equality Could Bring $165 Million To Ohio | A small group working to bring marriage equality to Ohio has released a new report suggesting that the change could earn the state $165 million over three years. Freedom to Marry Ohio, which is collecting signatures for a ballot initiative to overturn Ohio’s ban on same-sex marriage, suggests that as many as half of the state’s 19,700 same-sex couples might marry in the first three years, as would many from other states. The Columbus area could see an impact of $20 million, and Cleveland $11 million. Read the full report.

Washington State Finalizes Marriage Equality Ballot Language

Washington state has finalized the language for Referendum 74, a vote to approve the state’s new marriage equality law. The wording remains incredibly straight forward, without any of conservatives’ “redefine marriage” rehtoric:

Ballot Title
The legislature passed Engrossed Substitute Senate Bill 6239 concerning marriage for same-sex couples, modified domestic-partnership law, and religious freedom, and voters have filed a sufficient referendum petition on this bill.

This bill would allow same-sex couples to marry, preserve domestic partnerships only for seniors, and preserve the right of clergy or religious organizations to refuse to perform, recognize, or accommodate any marriage ceremony.

Should this bill be:

Approved [ ]

Rejected [ ]

Ballot Measure Summary
This bill allows same-sex couples to marry, applies marriage laws without regard to gender, and specifies that laws using gender-specific terms like husband and wife include same-sex spouses. After 2014, existing domestic partnerships are converted to marriages, except for seniors. It preserves the right of clergy or religious organizations to refuse to perform or recognize any marriage or accommodate wedding ceremonies. The bill does not affect licensing of religious organizations providing adoption, foster-care, or child-placement.

The refreshing simplicity of this description is a reminder of how those opposed to marriage equality have distorted the “religious freedom” argument. This law protects religious freedom by not imposing same-sex marriage on any religious organization. No doubt, opponents will still argue that they should not have to recognize same-sex marriages in any aspect of society, an abuse of religious freedom and open intention to violate the law.

NEWS FLASH

Jon Stewart Takes On ‘Incredibly Disheartening’ Chick-fil-A Appreciation Day | Last night, Jon Stewart dedicated the entire opening of The Daily Show to the Chick-fil-A controversy. He ended the segment by concluding that the end result might be a win-win:

STEWART: For people who are gay or support gay marriage, I get how seeing thousands of people come out to make this statement is incredibly disheartening, but take solace in this: Gay marriage is happening. Like many drive-through window lanes, it ain’t going backwards. And your bonus is this: You get gay marriage, and all your political opponents are going to get is Type 2 Diabetes. Here’s my prediction: In ten years, America will have a lot more gay marriage and a lot more Chick-fil-A restaurants because they are both quality products.

Watch the segment (in two clips):

The Morning Pride: August 3, 2012

Welcome to The Morning Pride, ThinkProgress LGBT’s daily round-up of the latest in LGBT policy, politics, and some culture too! Here’s what we’re reading this morning, but please let us know what stories you’re following as well. Follow us all day on Twitter at @TPEquality.

- A number of civil rights complaints have been filed against Chick-fil-A in Illinois for making classes feel “unwelcome, objectionable, or unacceptable.”

- A gay Chick-fil-A employee who once objected to boycotts had a change of heart after what she saw and heard on Wednesday.

- A number of Republican members of Congress reached out to defend Chick-fil-A from a “vicious smear campaign” akin to what “would happen in Soviet Russia.”

- Members of the anti-gay Ocean Grove Camp Meeting met with LGBT youth this past weekend.

- A priest, a minister, and a rabbi walk into a Minnesota bar and support marriage equality:

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