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Thought of the Day

There are two ways to conceive of a military establishment’s proper relationship to civilian society. On one account, the military exists in order to make civilian society possible. Like police officers, fire fighters, bus drivers, etc. the soldier is providing a public service that allows civilian social and economic life to function at a high level. On another account, civilian society exists in order to make the military establishment possible. Farmers, shopkeepers, industrialists, etc. are here to create the resources that provide the supplies that a warrior needs in order to practice his most honorable of crafts. The former conception is what’s generally deemed to express the values of a democracy or a republic. The latter conception is what you have in a feudal system.

One way of understanding John McCain’s oft-expressed hostility to politicians, his condescending attitude toward businessmen, and his frequent attacks on selfishness and individualism is as expressing that more aristocratic conception. That would be in keeping with McCain’s family background and things like this odd genealogical note he’s interested in broadcasting.

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Yglesias

Silly Season

From the I can’t believe it’s not a joke file: “the U.S. intelligence community is working to develop software that will detect violent extremists infiltrating World of Warcraft and other massive multiplayer games, according to a data-mining report from the Director of National Intelligence.”

Yglesias

Civilian Control

Kevin Drum’s right about this but also wrong. Yes, I would like the principle of civilian control over the military to be upheld whether or not I like the civilians who are running the military. But in the real world the way the principle of civilian control operates is that when Republicans are president, we do what Republicans want with the military, whereas when Democrats are president, we do what Republicans want with the military. We all recall how Colin Powell relentlessly battled civilian policymakers and for his trouble became a reviled national figure huge media star.

It’ll be the same when Barack Obama is president. If a single four-star general agrees on the merits with the GOP talking points of the day, suddenly General Republican will become the greatest military thinker in American history and disagreeing with him is basically the same as pissing on the corpses of our dead troops. We remember the surge flip-flop, don’t we, where disagreeing with Bush’s Iraq policy was considered treason until Bush decided he wanted to shift policy, cashiered his old generals, brough in some different guys, and then blindly supporting Petraeus became de rigeur.

That’s just the way it is, just like the press is suddenly going to rediscover “the rule of law” as a concept.

Escalation Architect Fred Kagan: Ethnic Cleansing In Iraq Is A ‘Magnificent Myth’

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On the PBS NewsHour last night, AEI scholar Fred Kagan (one of the main architects of the surge strategy, though he was not identified as such by host Jim Lehrer) made a startling assertion about the situation on the ground in Iraq:

Well, there’s a magnificent myth out there…that there are no mixed areas in Iraq anymore and that the cleansing is completed. … Now, [these neighborhoods] are more consolidated than they had been before, certainly.

In August 2007, the Iraqi Red Crescent Organization indicated that “the total number of internally displaced Iraqis [had] more than doubled, to 1.1 million from 499,000″ since the surge started in February. Center for American Progress Iraq analyst Brian Katulis estimated that Baghdad, which once used to be a 65 percent Sunni majority city, “is now 75 percent Shia.”

In December, the Washington Post published a map comparing the sectarian distribution of Baghdad’s neighborhoods in April 2006 and November 2007, showing the transformation of the city that has resulted from Iraq’s civil war.

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In an article challenging the claims of “success” that flow incessantly from war supporters like Fred Kagan, journalist Patrick Cockburn writes that “for millions of Iraqis…the war has robbed them of their homes, their jobs and often their lives. It has brought them nothing but misery and ended their hopes of happiness. It has destroyed Iraq.”

But surely those Iraqis who have lost homes and loved ones to the sectarian violence will be happy to know that they haven’t been “cleansed,” but only “consolidated.”

New Acting CentCom Commander Opposed Surge, Is A ‘Fan Of Transition’ In Iraq

dempsey353.jpgYesterday, CentCom commander Adm. William Fallon resigned — a day before an Esquire article that points out stark policy differences between he and the Bush administration hits newsstands. Fallon’s interim replacement will be his top deputy, Gen. Martin Dempsey, who previously led the training of the Iraqi security forces.

In the past, Dempsey has made statements suggesting a critical approach to the administration. In a hearing on the Iraq escalation on Nov. 15, 2007, then-CentCom commander Gen. John Abizaid said Dempsey in fact opposed the “surge”:

I’ve met with every divisional commander. General [George] Casey, the corps commander, [Lt.] General [Martin] Dempsey — we all talked together. And I said, ‘In your professional opinion, if we were to bring in more American troops now, does it add considerably to our ability to achieve success in Iraq?’ And they all said, ‘No.’

“I’m all about transition,” Dempsey urged on Dec. 25, 2006. In an interview with the National Journal last June, he again emphasized that the U.S. needs a “transition scheme” with Iraqi forces. Dempsey added that the administration should come clean on future force levels, something which it has yet to do:

To some extent, I am a fan of transition. After we move to protect the Iraqi people with this surge, at some point we’ll need to go back to transitioning responsibilities. … I think we need both a stated transition scheme and a long-term security agreement with Iraq. Because at some point, the United States is going to move from its present posture of 20 brigades on the ground to something less.

I don’t know what the eventual U.S. force level will be, but we need to know what it is, and the Iraqis do too. That way, a future commander in my job can build forces to that established need.

When he testified to Congress last June, Dempsey said Iraqi forces were still “riddled with sectarianism and corruption” and will be incapable of being fully independent for “many years.”

Nevetheless, in a December 2006 interview with Bill O’Reilly, Dempsey said he thinks the Iraq war was “absolutely worth it” despite the costs.

UPDATE: The Washington Post reports today that for the permanent position, a “likely successor to Fallon is Petraeus, some defense experts said.”

Yglesias

PMCs and Darfur

Michael Cohen adds some nuance to my skepticism about the utility of introducing private military contractors (“mercenaries,” as we used to call them) into a crisis situation like Darfur:

In Kenya, ArmorGroup guards protect UNHCR refugee camps; PAE and AYR Aviation are working with the UN and African Union in Sudan; in Liberia, Dyncorp is training that country’s new military. Moreover, no one, including the contractors themselves, are advocating that Blackwater or any other private group should go into Darfur with guns blazing. I have yet to come across any serious player in the industry who is advocating a combat role for private contractors. In fact, quite the opposite.

Fair enough. I was responding to a Michael Walzer piece that I took to be making the case for “with guns blazing.” Insofar as that’s not what we’re talking about, there may be a reasonable role for contractors to play.

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