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Health

Pepsi And Coke Will Post Calories On Vending Machines

The American Beverage Association is launching a new pilot effort called Calories Count to update PepsiCo and Coca-Cola vending machines to include lower-calorie drink options, as well as display the calorie counts for the available drinks. The new vending machines will appear in municipal buildings in Chicago and San Antonio early next year — as part of a broader wellness challenge between the two cities that will attempt to lower health care costs by encouraging municipal employees to set goals to improve their health — with the potential to expand the program to other cities in the future.

The beverage industry has become a central figure in the public health battle to combat obesity, as research has linked the consumption of sugary drinks to obesity and lawmakers like New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg (I) have moved to ban large sizes of soda. But as the New York Times reports, soda critics are cautiously optimistic that the Calories Count initiative could help encourage Americans to choose lower calorie options:

“People tend to overconsume products with sugar and for these companies to be doing something that may decrease consumption of their sugared beverages surprises me,” said Kelly D. Brownell, director of the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale University. “But it does seem to me to be a positive move.”

Sales of carbonated sodas have been declining for the last decade, as American consumers have embraced new choices of beverages and, more recently, become more aware of how much sugar they contain. Coke and Pepsi have greatly expanded their portfolios, adding bottled waters, juices and sports drinks that have helped reduce their reliance on their core brands, though they still defend them.

In a note Monday morning, John Sicher, the publisher of Beverage Digest, an influential trade publication, said he thought the new effort might be a way to get consumers to drink more of their low-calorie and no-calorie drinks.

The health care reform law will eventually require all chain restaurants — defined as those with more than 20 locations — to disclose calorie counts on their menus. Although that regulation has not yet gone into effect, PepsiCo and Coca-Cola are not the only companies to get a jump start on publicly posting calories for their products. Last month, fast food giant McDonald’s added calorie labels to its menus. One Harvard study estimated that the average American child consumes about 270 calories from sugary drinks each day.

LGBT

Chicago Alderman Holds Back On Approving Chick-fil-A Franchise After Chain’s Media Shenanigans

Chicago Alderman Joe Moreno

Last Thursday, Chick-fil-A issued a press release clarifying that, despite rumors to the contrary, it would continue to fund organizations with anti-gay agendas. In case there were any further doubts, president and COO Dan Cathy confirmed to Mike Huckabee that the restaurant “made no such concessions” in order to obtain permission to open a new restaurant in Chicago.

Chicago Alderman Joe Moreno (D) had previously said he would block Chick-fil-A because of these donations and policies, but last week expressed optimism that the restaurant had changed. Given the new revelations, Moreno is no longer sure he feels comfortable introducing the necessary legislation for the Chicago franchise to open:

MORENO: Dan Cathy decided to make a PUBLIC statement to Mike Huckabee that, at the least, muddied the progress we had made with Chick-fil-A and, at the worst, contradicted the documents and promises Chick-fil-A made to me and the community earlier this month. Since Mr.Cathy made a PUBLIC statement, I am PUBLICLY asking him to confirm and support what I was told and shown by his company representatives. [...]

Perhaps Mr. Cathy felt that he could make these public statements to Mike Huckabee because I had provided a letter of support for his restaurant to the City of Chicago earlier this week. I provided this letter based on the progress we had made with Chick-fil-A. I still need to introduce legislation to make the Chick-fil-A in the Logan Square neighborhood of Chicago a reality. I will wait to see what Mr. Cathy’s next PUBLIC statement is, and reflect on that statement before moving forward with appropriate legislation.

Chick-fil-A gives millions of dollars to anti-gay organizations — including hate groups and ex-gay therapy proponents — has no protections for LGBT employees, and Cathy has described same-sex marriage as “twisted up kind of stuff” that could only be left to a “deprived mind.”

NEWS FLASH

Chicago Approves Ordinance To Protect Undocumented Immigrants From Deportation | The Chicago City Council has passed a measure designed to protect undocumented immigrants from being detained if they approach police by preventing authorities from holding undocumented immigrants unless they have been convicted of a serious crime or if there is a warrant for their arrest. Chicago Alderman Joe Moore, who sponsored the “Welcoming City” ordinance, said the policy “sends a strong message” to immigrants that they should not be afraid to come forward and report crimes to police. Mayor Rahm Emmanuel proposed the ordinance in July to make Chicago a more immigrant-friendly city. He said over the summer that the police department should not act as an “adjunct for the immigration service.”

Education

How Illinois’ Flawed Funding System Shortchanges Chicago’s Students

Chicago’s public school teachers remained on strike for a third day today. But as ThinkProgress reported yesterday, even when Chicago schools are in session, students have to deal with a host of should-be-embarrassing problems, including crumbling buildings, lack of art and physical education classes, and an abysmally short school day. (Chicago’s elementary school day is so short that some students are given just 10 minutes for lunch in order to cram in all the necessary instruction.)

These problems stem in large part from Illinois’ education funding system, which is one of, if not the most, inequitable in the nation. Illinois schools rely even more heavily on property taxes than the standard U.S. school district, which, as the Center for Tax and Budget Accountability noted, “ties the quality of the public education a school can give a child to the wealth of the community in which that child lives.”

Huge proportions of Chicago students come from low-income households, so the property tax base from which the schools are funded is not high. The Chicago Reporter outlined some of the practical consequences of this system:

– Due to the primary reliance on local property tax revenue for school funding, there are massive cumulative gaps in per-pupil spending, particularly in poor or minority communities. The 6,413 students who started elementary school in Evanston [a suburb north of Chicago] in 1994 and graduated from high school in 2007 had about $290 million more spent on their education than the same number of Chicago Public Schools students.

Many of the school districts that spent the most per-student received at least 90 percent of their money from local property taxes. Yet, these districts tended to tax themselves at far lower rates than their poorer counterparts.

– The percentage of state contribution to school funding has decreased four of the last five years and is one of the lowest in the nation.

Illinois is also generally terrible at funding education, ranking 40th in per-capital education spending, despite being 15th in per-capita income. And the disproportionate lack of funding for low-income areas, particularly within cities, manifests itself in several ways. Besides the obvious lack of resources for students, wealthier districts can attract better teachers and pay for better safety measures.

As one Chicago school teacher wrote, “How can the discrepancy be so wide in school funding? The answer is simple; Gage Park [where she taught] is a violent, gang-­‐ridden neighborhood where the houses are very cheap. The worth of the properties will never rise due to the extreme violence in the neighborhood. Also, most of the living spaces are rented – there just aren’t that many people that own homes. Therefore, property taxes are low, virtually non-­‐existent.” By some estimates, it would take about $1.9 billion to bring Chicago’s students up to level at which they were meeting state standards.

Education

Going To School In Chicago: High Poverty, Short School Days, Crumbling Buildings

Chicago’s public school teachers were on strike for a second day today, continuing a standoff with the city’s mayor, Rahm Emanuel (D). Negotiations stalled over a handful of issues, including teacher evaluations, the funding of charter schools, and class sizes.

Meanwhile, some 350,000 students are left missing time in the classroom. And a look at the statistics regarding the performance of Chicago students — and the facilities in which they try to learn — shows just how critical it is that the city both invest in new resources and get its teachers back on the job as quickly as possible. Here are the key facts about the conditions students in Chicago currently face:

33 percent of Chicago’s children were in poverty in 2010, versus a rate of 20 percent for Illinois children as a whole; 80 percent of Chicago students qualify for free or reduced lunches. Research suggests the academic achievement gap between children of differing income levels has now far outpaced the gap between back and white children, and income disparities can account for 40 percent or more of the variation in test scores.

Chicago has a shorter school day than the national average for elementary schools, at five hours forty-five minutes (though secondary school days in the district are slightly longer than the national average). Many Chicago students are in class for 10 days less than the national average of 180 days. Emanuel and the teachers negotiated a deal to extend hours and hire hundreds of new teachers to deal with the increased workload. Studies have shown that expanded learning time can provide a significant boost for students, particularly those most likely to fall behind in the classroom.

Chicago scores lower than other big cities on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) tests, with just 20 percent of students performing at “proficient” levels in 2011. 60 percent of students performed at “basic” levels. However, the district has made big strides to improve student achievement since 2003.

–According to CTU, 42 percent of Chicago’s elementary schools lack full funding for arts and music teachers, even though the Dept. of Education called arts and music education “particularly beneficial for students from economically disadvantaged circumstances and those who are at risk of not succeeding in school.” Chicago schools also lack adequate funding and equipment for physical education — only 13 percent of middle school principals reported having enough physical education resources for their students in 2011.

Many of Chicago’s lowest-performing schools are crumbling, but Chicago Public Schools acknowledged last year that it won’t invest in improvement projects for schools it expects to be closed in the next five to 10 years, instead focusing on other schools, including those that share facilities with charter schools. CPS allotted $25 million to six schools that it will no longer control next year, according to the Chicago Tribune, and many of the funds in the city’s capital improvement plan are disproportionately aimed at more affluent schools.

Alyssa

Conversation About HipHop And Violence Needs Better Context Than Just Chicago

When teenage Chicago rapper JoJo was shot to death last week, his murder set off two separate online convulsions. The first was an alarming string of celebratory tweets from other Chicago teens who were glad of the killing. The second was a less-local burst of essays from hiphop writers on the relationship (or lack thereof) between the “drill” music that bubbles up from Chicago streets and the violence that fills them. Potholes In My Blog honcho Andrew Martin voiced the sickened, sorrowful feeling the response to JoJo’s murder inspired, and asked rap bloggers to reconsider how they talk about the drill scene. Lloyd Miller at Mostly Junk Food took the opposite approach, asking “Would any of the many other non-rapping young men and women in Chicago be in any more danger if they were to pick up a mic?”

This conversation misses a lot, but I share the sense of unease that sparked it. From Tipper Gore to Bill Bennett to suburban PTA meetings, nearly everyone who’s ever called for curbing the cultural output of the American ghetto has ended up looking out of touch or authoritarian. Yet while real-life violence never dinted my affection for emcees like Ice Cube, Big L, or Freddie Gibbs, reading about Chicago’s insanely violent summer has dredged up an internal conflict I’ve somehow dodged through a dozen years of hiphop fandom. It’s worth considering what our responsibility as listeners is; if you like drill, and you introduce a friend to a Chief Keef track, is it incumbent on you to mention the context in which the music’s produced? But surely it’s foolishness to get uncritically caught up thinking that the horrifying new normal in Chicago is in fact novel.

The murder rate in NWA-era Los Angeles was similarly jaw-dropping; 738 Angelinos were killed the year “Straight Outta Compton” came out, and over the next six years the population-adjusted murder rate would jump from about 21 killings per 100,000 people to over 30 in 1992-93. When Big L was killed in Harlem in 1999, the Giuliani administration’s authoritarianism had already lowered New York’s murder rate from its absurd early-90s highs, but he was one of 664 New Yorkers murdered that year. Freddie Gibbs is from Gary, IN (the one thing he has in common with my father), and Gary’s a perennial candidate for Murder Capital of America. Since the early ‘90s, “the Guts” has registered a much higher per-capita murder rate than New York, LA, Atlanta, Chicago, or Houston. (These statistics all come from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting Statistics, a system that’s vulnerable to stat juking by local PDs, to be sure, but murders are tough to hide. I’m no criminologist, but while murder rates have dropped precipitously, hundreds are still killed each year in our most violent cities.)

Current-ness biases us. It’s easy to mistake things that are happening right now for much worse or much better than similar things that happened years ago. Like Poot said in season 4 of The Wire, “Man every year everybody’s like, ‘yeah these kids out here, they’re a new breed! I ain’t never seen nothing like this before! This the end of the world now!’”

(It’s worth noting, too, that Poot is one of the very few members of the original terrace crew from season 1 who makes it out of the life. He’s as much lucky as anything else, and ultimately his escape involves some pride-swallowing; in season five, he’s working at a Foot Locker. But while all this may have some relevance, The Wire isn’t a good enough stopping place here.)

Three obvious possibilities for why I’m reacting differently to drill than I do to the above-referenced trio of hardcore rhymers: I see thoughtfulness and artistic merit in L’s, Cube’s, and Gibbs’ output that is lacking from the drill rappers I’ve heard; I’m getting old; or the people dying in the home of the drill scene this summer are so likely to be children that there really is a meaningful difference.

Either way, it’s important that we be honest about why this conversation is happening now, and what it really is. We’re not talking about this because there have been over 150 murders in Chicago this summer. We’re not talking about this because nearly a third of those killed have been minors. We’re not talking about it because the conversation about violent culture and actual violence recurs, cicada-like, at fixed intervals.

People are positing or refuting links between Chicago’s drill scene and its bloody summer because the kid who got killed last week left behind an online footprint that provides the raw materials for a conversation about rap and violence. And it’s much, much easier to get lost in arguments about these kids’ lifestyles than it is to grapple with the systemic failure that’s producing such a staggering volume of young, dead brown bodies.

The critical conversation around drill music and real-life murders is a way to avoid talking about how Chicago came to be a place that produces both of those things. Drill isn’t causing killings, the dead-end trap of urban poverty is. Today’s landscape was produced by some combination of failures in education, public infrastructure, social policy, and economic opportunity. (For smart sociology on how the evaporation of blue-collar jobs from urban centers and disparities in social capital helped constrain the ambitions of East Harlem natives, read “In Search Of Respect: Selling Crack In El Barrio” by Phillippe Bourgois.) If we don’t find ways to remedy those failures, likely with policies that will look more like revolution than reform, we’ll continue to see generation after generation of American youth stay stuck and get dead. It won’t be because of the music they listen to. It’ll be because we haven’t done enough to expand the pathways by which social and economic capital flow between the burbs and the block.

Justice

How Federal Law Helps Arm Chicago Street Gangs

The weekend, Chicago Sun Times reporter Frank Main published an interview with “Chris,” a Chicago high school student and gang member and gunslinger who explains exactly how easy it is for he and his fellow gang members to obtain firearms, even if they have criminal records:

I will make a call and say I need a gun. I will ride down the street on my bike and get it — five minutes.” . . . Chris calls them the “gun guys.” The cops have another name for them: “straw purchasers.”

“Gun guys” have clean records allowing them to obtain Illinois firearm owner’s identification cards. With FOID cards, they can legally buy guns at stores in the suburbs.

Then they illegally sell them to gang members banned from owning guns because of their criminal backgrounds.

Most of the guns recovered in crimes in Chicago were bought in suburban gun stores, according to a new University of Chicago Crime Lab study of police gun-trace data.

As Chris points out, many of these straw purchasers’ full-time job is trading on their clean criminal record to buy guns and then resell them at a markup to dangerous felons. Such professional straw purchasers should be easy to catch. Because federal law requires most gun purchasers to undergo criminal background checks before they can buy a firearm, it should be an easy matter for law enforcement to check whether the same person is purchasing guns over and over and over again.

Except that the so-called “Tiahrt Amendments” thwart such checks by requiring the Justice Department to destroy the record of any gun buyer whose purchase was approved within 24 hours. As a result, law enforcement is often blind to straw purchasers who are flooding the streets with guns right under their noses.

Nor is this the only aspect of federal law that “gun guys” can take advantage of. An estimated 10 percent of all guns used in a crime by juveniles were sold at a gun show or flea market where many of the dealers do not have to conduct criminal background checks on their customers. Indeed, federal officials are often forced to charge straw purchasers with paperwork violations due to the absence of an appropriate law criminalizing unlicensed gun trafficking.

As ThinkProgress reported on Friday, 19 people were shot in Chicago last Thursday evening. The night after we published that post, 17 more people were shot — 4 of them fatally.

Justice

The Empire State Building Shooting Was Not The Only Mass Shooting To Occur In The Last 24 Hours

This morning, a recently-fired man went to his former workplace near the Empire State Building in New York City, shot his former boss in the face, and then opened fire on eight more people before he was shot and killed by police. This tragedy follows three other high profile shootings, the movie theater shooting in Aurora, Colorado last month, the Sikh temple shooting in Oak Creek, Wisconsin, and a gunman’s invasion of a far right advocacy organization in Washington, DC.

Like these three other tragedies, this morning’s shooting also targeted an area that most people expect to be a sanctuary away from gun violence. Most Americans do not fear violence in a movie theater, or that they will be targeted in their workplace or their place of worship. Additionally, the neighborhood surrounding today’s shooting is one of the most privileged neighborhoods in the country. Median household income in the census tract that includes the Empire State Building exceeds $100,000 a year. Approximately half of the neighborhood’s residents are white, and African-Americans and Latinos make up only a small percentage of the area’s residents.

This morning’s shooting, however, was not the only mass shooting to occur during the present news cycle. To the contrary, 19 people were shot last night in Chicago alone — 18 of them in incidents that claimed more than one victim. Yet these events received only a tiny fraction of the wall to wall media coverage surrounding the Empire State Building shooting:

  • Late Afternoon Shooting: Before the sun even set, at about 5:20 pm last night, four men were wounded in Chicago’s South Lawndale area. South Lawndale is about 80 percent Hispanic, and its median household earns about a third of what people who live in the Empire State Building’s neighborhood earn.
  • Bronzeville Shooting: Two men were shot around 9:25 pm last night, one in the head and one in the right arm, in Bronzeville — one of Chicago’s poorest neighborhoods. Median household income in Bronzeville was less than $12,000 in 2009, and the neighborhood is almost entirely African-American.
  • Brighton Park Drive-by: Two men were wounded in a drive-by shooting at about the same time as the Bronzeville shooting in the Brighton Park neighborhood. Brighton Park is a mostly Hispanic neighborhood whose median household earns less than half what people who live near the Empire State Building earn.
  • South Shore Shootings: Around 9:30 pm last night, eight people were shot in Chicago’s South Shore neighborhood, including two 14 year-old boys and a 15 year-old boy. About ten minutes later, in a separate incident just blocks away, a 24 year-old man was shot in the leg while talking on his phone. South Shore is an overwhelmingly African-American neighborhood where household income is less than a third of that in the neighborhood surrounding the Empire State Building.

It is understandable that the editors and top producers who decide which news events receive media coverage and which ones are largely ignored would find the Empire State Building shooting particularly jarring. Top news editors are fairly affluent, and this morning’s shooting is a reminder that no one is safe from gun violence, regardless of how privileged their lives may be.

But it is no less a tragedy when someone closer to the margins of society is the victim of such violence than it is when violence intrudes into the fortresses of the fortunate. The victims of last night’s Chicago shootings should not be ignored simply because top news editors might find it more difficult to identify with them.

Update

There is some uncertainty regarding how many of the wounded were shot by the gunman and how many may have been hit by crossfire from police. In a news conference regarding the incident, Mayor Michael Bloomberg stated that “at least nine other people were shot. And some may have been shot accidentally by police officers who responded immediately and, while confronting the suspect and fatally shooting him, unfortunately there may have been other victims as well”

Update

Ballistics reports now show that all nine of the bystanders injured in the New York shooting were struck by police bullets.

Politics

10 People Shot Outside The Empire State Building

A shooting occurred Friday morning outside the Empire State Building on 34th Street in New York City, according to police. Two people are reportedly dead, including the gunman. Emergency personnel received a call about the shooting just after 9 am. The motive of the shooting is not yet clear. The shooting follows a killing spree last night in the south and west sides of Chicago, in which 19 people were shot in just 30 minutes, including seven men and one woman, 14 to 20 years old. Chicago homicides have skyrocketed in the past few months.


Update

NYScanner’s Twitter is reporting the gunman was recently fired from his job.

Update

WNBC: Empire State Building shooting was “a workplace dispute that spilled out onto the street”

Update

Witnesses say the two coworkers fought on the sidewalk before one pulled out a gun and opened fire, killing a female bystander and shooting several others.

Update

This post has been revised with an updated casualty count. Reports now say 3 people have died.

Update

Mayor Michael Bloomberg and the police plan to give a briefing at 11 am.

Update

FDNY confirms there are 10 patients — 4 minor injuries, 4 not urgent, 2 dead. It is unclear if these were all gunshot wounds.

Update

AP reports the gunman killed his ex-coworker before opening fire on bystanders. The shooter used to work at a store inside the Empire State Building.

Update

The Wall Street Journal reports the gunman worked at a firm inside the Empire State Building.

Update

The suspect is Jeffrey Johnson, age 53. He was fired from his job as a designer of women’s accessories at Hazan Imports (not inside the building) during downsizing last year.

Update

Mayor Bloomberg says some bystanders may have been accidentally shot by police officers in the crossfire with the gunman. Johnson used a .45 caliber pistol with a magazine holding 8 rounds.

Update

Bloomberg concluded the press conference by reiterating his message from his radio show earlier this morning: “Once again, there are an awful lot of guns out there.”

LGBT

Chick-fil-A Roundup: Elected Officials Back Off, A Discrimination Suit, And Colbert Dishes

Stephen Colbert's visualization of Chick-fil-A's Dan Cathy

The backlash against Chick-fil-A for its condemnations and campaigns against the LGBT community — including yearly giving to ex-gay organization Exodus International — continued today. (Check out video of the Human Rights Campaign’s protest in Washington DC yesterday.) As elected officials clarified to what extent they could actually limit the restaurant’s expansion in their cities, a new gender discrimination lawsuit suggests there may be more reasons not to welcome the Christian-run franchises.

Officials Back Off Threats To Block Chick-fil-A

Both Boston Mayor Thomas Menino (D) and Chicago Alderman Joe Moreno (D) have clarified that they will not be using their political power to obstruct Chick-fil-A’s expansion into their cities, though they still stand strongly opposed to the anti-gay company. When asked about blocking a new franchise near Boston’s Freedom Trail because of president Dan Cathy’s remarks, Menino told the Boston Herald, “I can’t do that. That would be interference to his rights to go there.” Moreno appeared on CNN this morning to make the same point, clarifying that he’s still on guard that Chick-fil-A’s beliefs may lead to anti-gay discrimination. Watch it:

San Francisco Mayor Ed Lee also offered his disapproval for the company’s anti-equality policies, tweeting, “Closest #ChickFilA to San Francisco is 40 miles away & I strongly recommend that they not try to come any closer.”

Woman Sues Chick-fil-A For Gender Discrimination

Former Chick-fil-A general manager Brenda Honeycutt is suing the company for wrongful termination, alleging she was let go from her job so that she could be a “stay home mother.” According to the suit, her boss, proprietor Jeff Howard, excluded Honeycutt from meetings he held with male general managers, then eventually fired her, telling her and several others it so she could be a stay home mother. He hired another male employee to replace her. Honeycutt was also not the only female employee unfairly treated by Chick-fil-A. Given the controversial Biblical principles already known to dictate the company’s other principles and practices, this suit does not bode well for its reputation.
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