ThinkProgress Home
ThinkProgress
ThinkProgress Logo

Stories tagged with “Debt

NEWS FLASH

Democrats Push Back Against GOP Senators’ Efforts To Shield Pentagon From Budget Cuts | Rep. Peter Welch (D-VT), along with 71 Democratic members of Congress, are urging President Obama to veto any bill that seeks to void any part of the $1.2 trillion in federal budget cuts that could be triggered if Congress fails to reach a budget agreement by the end of the year. Welch, in a letter to Obama, is pushing back against a group of senators — including John McCain (R-AZ), Lindsey Graham (R-SC) and Kelly Ayotte (R-NH) — who plan to introduce an alternative deficit-reduction plan that would shield the Pentagon from further budget reductions .

Economy

ANALYSIS: Gingrich’s Tax Plan Would Cause Perpetual Trillion Dollar Deficits, Triple The Debt By 2024

Our guest blogger is Seth Hanlon, Director of Fiscal Reform at the Center for American Progress Action Fund.

2012 GOP presidential frontrunner Newt Gingrich is outdoing his Republican rivals in promising enormous tax cuts for the very wealthiest Americans. According to an independent analysis by the Tax Policy Center, Gingrich’s plan would violate basic notions of fairness by requiring middle-class families to pay higher tax rates than millionaires.

But that’s not all that’s wrong with it. Gingrich’s plan is by far the most fiscally reckless plan to be released by a major 2012 contender. The magnitude of the tax cuts he is proposing to the wealthy and corporations would drive the debt to unprecedented and dangerous levels even if federal spending is cut drastically.

Gingrich has not proposed specific levels for federal spending, so to analyze the effect of his plan on the debt, we assumed that he adopts all of the draconian spending cuts in House Budget Committee Paul Ryan’s (R-WI) budget. Gingrich originally dismissed the Ryan budget as “right-wing social engineering,” but later said he would vote for it.

The spending levels in the Ryan budget are unrealistically and irresponsibly low. And yet Gingrich’s tax giveaways are so enormous that there wouldn’t be nearly enough revenue to fund even this extreme conservative vision of government.

The Gingrich plan would reduce federal revenues by $1.28 trillion below CBO’s baseline, according to the nonpartisan Tax Policy Center, resulting in revenues of about 13.2 percent of GDP. That is an absurdly low level. Unsurprisingly, therefore Gingrich’s plan would pile up debt shockingly fast. Ultimately, Gingrich’s plan would:

Result in perpetual trillion-dollar deficits: The budget deficit is expected to be 6.2 percent of GDP in the current fiscal year, but projected to decline in the coming years. With Gingrich’s tax plan in place, however, deficits would be even higher in perpetuity. In the best year under his plan, fiscal year 2015, the deficit would be $1.2 trillion, or 6.6 percent of GDP. Annual deficits would continue to mount, reaching $2 trillion in just over a decade. Again, this assumes that drastic spending cuts also take place.

Explode the debt to historic levels: Under the Gingrich plan, the publicly-held debt would double by 2019, and triple by 2024. By the end of a second Gingrich term as president, the debt would reach $25 trillion, or more than 100 percent of GDP. The United States will have added about $12.5 trillion in debt during that period, with no end in sight.

Commit the United States to trillion dollar interest payments on the debt: By enacting a tax plan with grossly inadequate revenues, the U.S. would be committing to pay ever-increasing sums of money to creditors like China. Under Gingrich’s plan, by 2021 the United States would be paying more than $1 trillion every year just in interest on the debt. Interest on the debt would represent nearly a quarter of all government spending.

Of course, if Gingrich can’t get spending down to the Ryan level, his deficits would be larger and his debt higher. In short, Gingrich’s tax plan simply cannot be taken seriously. As fiscal policy goes, it is every bit as ridiculous as his nutty proposals to replace school janitors with child laborers or colonize the moon.

Justice

The Return Of Debtor’s Prisons: Thousands Of Americans Jailed For Not Paying Their Bills

Federal imprisonment for unpaid debt has been illegal in the U.S. since 1833. It’s a practice people associate more with the age of Dickens than modern-day America. But as more Americans struggle to pay their bills in the wake of the recession, collection agencies are using harsher methods to get their money, ushering in the return of debtor’s prisons.

NPR reports that it’s becoming increasingly common for people to serve jail time as a result of their debt. Because of “sloppy, incomplete or even false documentation,” many borrowers facing jail time don’t even know they’re being sued by creditors:

Take, for example, what happened to Robin Sanders in Illinois. She was driving home when an officer pulled her over for having a loud muffler. But instead of sending her off with a warning, the officer arrested Sanders, and she was taken right to jail.

“That’s when I found out [that] I had a warrant for failure to appear in Macoupin County. And I didn’t know what it was about.” Sanders owed $730 on a medical bill. She says she didn’t even know a collection agency had filed a lawsuit against her. [...]

A company will often sell off its debt to a collection agency, generally called a creditor. That creditor files a lawsuit against the debtor requiring a court appearance. A notice to appear in court is supposed to be given to the debtor. If they fail to show up, a warrant is issued for their arrest.

More than a third of all states now allow borrowers who don’t pay their bills to be jailed, even when debtor’s prisons have been explicitly banned by state constitutions. A report by the American Civil Liberties Union found that people were imprisoned even when the cost of doing so exceeded the amount of debt they owed.

Sean Matthews, a homeless New Orleans construction worker, was incarcerated for five months for $498 of legal debt, while his jail time cost the city six times that much. Some debtors are even forced to pay for their jail time themselves, adding to their financial troubles.

Stories of surprise arrests for unpaid debt have been reported in states including Indiana, Tennessee and Washington. In Kansas City, one man ended up in jail after missing only a furniture payment. The Federal Trade Commission received more than 140,000 complaints related to debt collection in 2010, and they’ve taken 10 debt collection agencies to court for their practices in the past three years.

Since the start of 2010, judges have signed off on more than 5,000 arrest warrants since in nine counties alone. Beverly Yang, a legal aid attorney, says many debtor’s — and judges — don’t know debtor’s rights, which results in the accused being intimidated into a pay agreement. She’s seen judges interrogate debtors about why they can’t pay more and whether they are trying hard enough to find a job.

Yang says some collection agencies are only too eager to use needlessly harsh tactics. “Whatever the creditors or the creditors’ attorneys can do to leverage some kind of payment, it will help their profits enormously because they have, literally, millions of these.” Debt collection is a lucrative business — the industry is set to grow 26 percent in the next three years.

Security

Boehner Backtracks On Being ‘Bound’ To Military Spending Trigger Cuts

Now that the super committee has failed, Republicans in Congress led by Sens. Lindsey Graham (R-SC) and John McCain (R-AZ) and Rep Howard “Buck” McKeon (R-CA) have said that they will “pursue all options” — including introducing legislation — to roll back the debt reduction sequestration, mainly to prevent any more military spending cuts. (Both McCain and McKeon voted for the mandatory military spending cuts back in August.)

President Obama has threatened to veto any legislation undoing the trigger cuts. And it seemed that House Speaker John Boehner had his back, Talking Points Memo reported last month:

But on November 3, at his weekly press availability, Boehner said he feels “bound” by the debt limit deal, even the automatic defense cuts. “Me, personally? Yes, I would feel bound. It was part of the agreement, and so either we succeed or we’re in the sequester. The sequester is ugly. Why? Because we didn’t want anybody to go there. That’s why we have to succeed.”

But now, Boehner is calling on Obama to stop the automatic military cuts, the Hill reports:

“I really believe that the president of the United States has a responsibility here as well,” Boehner told reporters [yesterday]. “He’s the commander in chief; he knows what those cuts will mean to the military, and so I frankly believe the Congress still must work with the president to find a solution to our long-term debt.”

Although it’s unclear why the Republicans turning back. The sequestration military cuts would bring defense spending back to 2007 levels.

Economy

CHART: If Congress Left For 536 Days (Like Belgium), It Could Almost Eliminate The Deficit

While Republicans and Democrats continue to fight over how to reduce America’s debt and deficits — moving from near-government shutdowns to failed super committees and opposition to both spending cuts and tax increases — the government of Belgium may have inadvertently provided Congress with an example of how to fix the problem: do absolutely nothing.

After 536 days without a government, Belgian opposition parties struck a deal today to form a new coalition led by Socialist Elio Di Rupo. On this side of the pond, 563 days without any congressional action on fiscal or budgetary measures would go most of the way toward achieving the deficit reduction Congress is longing for. As Center for American Progress Director of Tax and Budget Policy Michael Linden has pointed out, if Congress were do to nothing between now and January 2013 (just 397 days from now), the federal budget deficit would fall to just 1.6 percent of gross domestic product and continue dropping after that:

Similarly, debt as a share of GDP would fall to just 61 percent by 2021:

Such reductions would take place primarily due to the expiration of the budget-busting Bush tax cuts, which cost roughly $2.5 trillion over 10 years. The spending cuts triggered by the inability of the supercommittee to reach a deal would also take place, and multiple policies that Congress generally kicks down the road, like the alternative minimum tax, would also take effect.

Of course, there are policies Congress could enact to actually help unemployed Americans and the struggling economy, like passing laws that would create jobs and stimulate growth while addressing much-needed improvements in infrastructure and other areas. But if the goal is only to reduce debt and deficits, perhaps it’s better if members take their cue from the Belgians and just go home for a year or two.

Economy

A Day After Saying GOP Wouldn’t Accept ‘Any Penny’ In Revenue Increases, Hensarling Walks It Back

Super committee Republicans proposed a deal last week that includes only $300 billion in revenue increases, all in the form of deduction eliminations, a paltry concession that was vastly outweighed by the massive tax cut for the rich the plan also included. While the proposal was an attempt to make Republicans look like they were actually considering revenue increases as part of a deal, it was quickly dismissed by Democrats. Even anti-tax advocate Grover Norquist saw through the plan, dismissing it as nothing more than a “negotiating position.”

Super committee co-chair Rep. Jeb Hensarling (R-TX) made that clear yesterday, suggesting to CNBC’s Larry Kudlow that “any penny” in revenue increases would be a deal-breaker for the committee’s Republican members. “But listen, any penny of increased static revenue is a step in the wrong direction,” Hensarling said.

Now, however, with Democrats rebuking Hensarling’s comments as “unhelpful,” and even some Republicans agreeing that the party may need to concede on taxes, Hensarling has walked back those comments, suggesting the GOP would consider new revenues in exchange for deeper concessions — in the form of entitlement cuts — from Democrats, the Hill reports:

Republicans on Wednesday signaled they would consider higher tax revenues to win a supercommittee deal if Democrats offer deeper cuts to entitlement spending. [...]

Briefing reporters on Wednesday, Hensarling said Republicans would be “more than happy to negotiate” around a new offer from Democrats, pointedly declining to say whether $250 billion was the maximum in new revenue the GOP could accept.

I’m waiting for the Democrats to put fundamental reform on the table,” Hensarling said.

According to the Washington Post, the GOP is beginning to undergo an “identity crisis” when it comes to taxes, as members have realized that reaching a super committee deal and balancing the country’s budget is impossible without raising new revenue.

But while Hensarling’s new position may seem reasonable on its face, it’s unfortunate that he and his party continue to hold vital entitlement programs like Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security hostage while supporting massive tax cuts for the rich, even as a growing number of millionaires are begging the GOP to raise their taxes to help address the nation’s debt. Those actions are particularly troubling in the face of recent reports from economists who warned that such austerity measures will only push the country closer to the brink of another recession.

Economy

40 House Republicans Sign Letter Saying They’re Open To Tax Increases

Forty House Republicans joined 60 Democrats today in a letter calling on the congressional super committee to consider “all options” in crafting a deficit reduction package, including increasing revenues. As the AP notes, the “letter puts about one-sixth of House GOP lawmakers on record as saying the supercommittee should consider collecting more taxes.” From the letter:

We write to you as a bipartisan group of representatives from across the political spectrum in the belief that the success of your committee is vital to our country’s future. We know that many in Washington and around the country do not believe we in the Congress and those within your committee can successfully meet this challenge. We believe that we can and we must.

To succeed, all options for mandatory and discretionary spending and revenues must be on the table. In addition, we know from other bipartisan frameworks that a target of some $4 trillion in deficit reduction is necessary to stabilize our debt as a share of the economy and assure America’s fiscal well-being.

Republican Rep. Mike Simpson (R-ID) organized the letter, which included conservative signatories like Rep. Ron Paul (R-TX) and some freshmen Tea Party lawmakers like Rep. Michael Grimm (R-NY).

So far, the Republican leadership has shown little interest in even discussing the revenue side of the balance sheet, let alone raising the necessary tax revenue, even though experts agree that reducing the deficit will require both spending cuts and more money coming in.

Special Topic

Heritage Foundation Endorses Debt Bondage By Suggesting Subsidized Federal Student Loans Shouldn’t Exist

One of the organizing principles of the 99 Percent Movement is that millions of Americans are being suffocated by personal debt. One of the common forms of this suffocating debt is student loan debt, which is debt accrued simply by trying to get a good college education. Last year, national student debt actually surpassed credit card debt, with outstanding student loans totaling $829 billion.

In a post for the Heritage Foundation blog speculating about President Obama’s upcoming announcement about how to alleviate student debt, Heritage senior policy analyst Lindsey Burke not only attacks the idea of student loan forgiveness, but suggests that we’d all be better off if federal student loans never existed in the first place. She goes onto argue that loan forgiveness would be pitting students against Americans who didn’t graduate college and that federal subsidies simply make college more expensive:

While it’s unclear what exactly President Obama will propose, economist Richard Vedder calls the idea of student loan forgiveness “the second-worst idea ever—the worst was the creation of federally subsidized student loans in the first place.”

And he’s right: It is unfair to forgive student loans on the backs of waitresses and construction workers and the nearly three-quarters of Americans who didn’t graduate college. Increases in federal subsidies or student loan bailouts shift the burden of paying for college from the student—the person directly benefiting from college—to the millions of Americans who did not graduate from college. [...] Increases in federal subsidies give students increased purchasing power, which incentivizes colleges to raise tuition, in turn leading students scrambling for more student loans. It’s a vicious cycle that does nothing to mitigate the cost of attending college.

It’s difficult to imagine what America would look like today without federally subsidized student loans. Millions of Americans have benefited from the ability to go to school thanks to the federal student lending programs first pioneered in the 1960′s and 1970′s. According to data from the Department of Education, 9,020,465 Americans utilized the federally subsidized student loan program during the last academic year.

The argument that these loans and other forms of federal student aid leads to cost inflation is an old conservative canard. As Sandy Baum, an economist at the College Board explains, “There are a number of explanations for rising college prices, with declining state appropriations per student high on the list for public colleges and universities. Difficulties in improving efficiency and productivity, expansions in the services offered to students, rising costs of technology, and increases in institutional financial aid budgets are also major factors.” Direct federal subsidies in the form of Pell Grants, for example, have actually covering a “smaller portion of college tuition than they did 25 years ago.” One study released last year actually found that tuition increased as federal aid fell, indicating that aid is perhaps altogether unrelated to rising tuition.

Without subsidized federal loans and grants that many on the far-right seek to undermine, students would be pushed into the arms of private lenders, whose rates tend to be far more suffocating. If those on the right were to have their way, Americans would be forced into even further debt bondage, unable to make ends meet and lead productive and prosperous lives under the weight of student loan debt. That is not a fate the 99 percent wants.

Health

Republicans On Senate Finance Committee Offer Bipartisan Health Care Savings

The Republicans on the Senate Finance Committee released their recommendations to the super committee on Friday, calling for a likely increase in the Medicare eligibility age, block granting the Medicaid program and repealing the Affordable Care Act. Those are the parts of the plan that Democrats won’t agree to, but the rest of the effort does bear some hope for bipartisan compromise and has been included in President Obama’s deficit plan and the bipartisan fiscal commission report :

- Evaluating the impact of supplemental coverage -> Obama’s deficit plan proposes a Part B premium surcharge for new beneficiaries that purchase near first-dollar Medigap coverage.

- Establishing a uniform deductible covering Medicare Part A and Medicare Part B services -> Fiscal commission recommended establishing a single combined annual deductible of $550 for Medicare Part A (hospital) and Part B (medical care)

- The Senators recommend the evaluation of the Medicare Part B costsharing threshold -> Obama’s deficit plan proposes increasing income-related premiums under Medicare Parts B and D

- Partner with the federal government in providing more coordinated care for beneficiaries eligible for both Medicare and Medicaid -> Fiscal Commission recommended placing dual eligibles in Medicaid managed care

- Realigning provider payments and evaluating existing cost-sharing structures for post-acute services -> Obama’s deficit plan includes provisions to encourage efficient post-acute care and realigns provider payments to help rural providers

The devil, as always, is in the details (and the CBO score), but the policy in the bullet points above can provide at least a starting point for reaching some sensible health care savings in next month’s deficit reduction package.

Security

McKeon: It’s ‘Clumsy’ To Say The U.S. ‘Spends More On Defense Than The Next Several Nations Combined’

Carrying on his kitchen sink strategy to prevent any more military spending cuts, Rep. Howard “Buck” McKeon (R-CA) took to the op-ed page in the Wall Street Journal today, trying to scare Americans into believing that scaling back America’s defense budget would amount to “shooting ourselves in the head,” as McKeon quoted Defense Secretary Leon Panetta saying.

Aside from the typical baseless fear mongering, McKeon tried to take on the compelling argument that — despite all the other obvious reasons the United States needs to cut military spending — DOD can afford to cut back because it spends more than other big military spending nations:

Armchair budgeteers often point out that the U.S. spends more on defense than the next several nations combined. This clumsy argument lacks critical nuance. It costs exponentially more money to sustain a U.S. service member than to keep a Chinese, Iranian or North Korean soldier under arms. And it costs money to sustain an all-volunteer force, which must compete with the private sector to attract quality recruits.

McKeon is right. U.S. military spending represents 43 percent of the world’s total and is more than the next 14 nations combined (of which include NATO allies Turkey, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Canada and Germany). But McKeon says pointing this out as a reason to cut military spending is “clumsy” because it doesn’t take into account that the U.S. spends more per troop than, as he said, China, North Korea, and Iran.

But McKeon’s argument is the one lacking nuance. The United States spends roughly $500 billion more on its military than those three countries combined. And according to McKeon, all that money is needed to for personnel costs. But according to the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Analysis, DOD set aside $139 billion in military personnel discretionary spending for FY2011.

Moreover, if McKeon is really worried about the cost of sustaining U.S. troops, he’d consider pushing to end the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. According to the same CSBA report, it cost just over $1 million per year to deploy one American soldier to either of those two wars.

So perhaps McKeon may want to reconsider which arguments he’s saying are “clumsy” and who he’s calling an “armchair budgeteer.”

Older

Switch to Mobile