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Health

Doctors Don’t Talk About Birth Control Often Enough With Teen Boys

(Credit: Shutterstock)

Medical professionals aren’t bringing up sexual health information about birth control and condoms often enough with their teen patients, a new study in the Journal of Adolescent Health finds. Doctors especially need to start bringing up these topics more with young men. Nearly one in five sexually active boys report that they’ve never heard anything about condoms or contraceptives from their teachers or their doctors.

National guidelines for medical professionals already stipulate that doctors must discuss these type of health resources with sexually active teens. But the study’s authors point out their research proves this goal is not being met. “Just like many parents, physicians are not always comfortable discussing sexual health topics,” one of the study’s co-authors, Dr. Laura Duberstein Lindberg of the Guttmacher Institute, explained.

Previous research has found that parents also don’t talk to their teens enough about sexual health topics — and even the parents who may discuss “the birds and the bees” with their kids often fail to provide them with specific information about how to use contraception. Only about 30 percent of parents say they have discussed birth control methods “many times” with their teens.

Some youth may receive this information in their health classes. But, since sex ed standards continue to widely vary across different states, many Americans teens don’t. And the researchers explain that even the kids who learn about prevention methods in school would benefit from having that information reinforced in conversations with their parents and doctors. “The optimal goal is for teens to receive sexual health information from parents, schools, and health care providers because past studies show that information from multiple reliable sources is associated with improved health outcomes for teens,” Lindberg said.

Overall, the study found that girls are more likely to receive information about birth control than boys. That may reflect a pervasive gender imbalance in society’s approach to teen sexuality. Since women bear a disproportionate burden for risky sexual behavior — in addition to potentially becoming pregnant, the negative effects of sexually transmitted infections weigh more heavily on women — they are often assigned more of the blame for those sexual choices. Society’s conception of abstinence has also placed particular emphasis on women remaining pure, and continually slut-shames women for expressing their sexuality.

Alyssa

Are Sports Reporters Missing Big Stories Because We’re Afraid To Out Gay Athletes?

LGBT issues have played a prominent role in sports news over the last few months, with Jason Collins, Brittney Griner, and Robbie Rogers all coming out. Their bravery has given everyone who covers and cares about progress on those issues in the sporting world a reason to celebrate. Lost in those stories, though, was one about Kerry Rhodes, a defensive back for the Arizona Cardinals who was “outed” by a former manager who claims to also be Rhodes’ former lover.

The story, in fact, wasn’t really “lost.” Instead, it was “purposely underreported,” according to ESPN’s LZ Granderson, because Rhodes denied it immediately and discomfort about the prospect of outing Rhodes without his consent prevented other outlets from reporting it out. That may seem appropriate — who, after all, wants to out someone? — but in reality, it may be a form of soft bigotry that keeps sports reporters from pursuing stories we’d consider fair game and relevant news if the athletes in question were straight, Granderson argued:

The unintended byproduct of respecting a player’s privacy is rendering him invisible, and that invisibility allows prejudice to fester. In the case of gay athletes, the unspoken truth provides cover for our latent homophobia in the mainstream media. While we don’t mind chasing down and reporting every detail of presumed heterosexual athletes’ lives, we work particularly hard to avoid rumors of homosexuality. What weighs heaviest on me about this code is that it inadvertently endorses shame. It grants permission for bigotry. And it perpetuates the assumption that gay male professional athletes are a rarity. The media — more to the point, I — haven’t shown the courage to delve into whether or not that is true.

It’s time the charade ends. It’s time the media start covering gay athletes’ off-field lives with the same intensity and integrity with which we cover straight athletes. [...]

We need to move forward as the celebration over Jason Collins’ coming out ebbs. We need to reach the point where we are as comfortable with showing a male athlete’s male partner in the stands as we are with showing Katherine Webb, the girlfriend of Alabama quarterback AJ McCarron. When reporting a profile, sports writers need to become willing to ask a male player if he has a girlfriend or boyfriend

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Alyssa

How Brittney Griner Shook Up The WNBA’s Identity, And Why Nike Is Next

ESPN The Magazine’s “Taboo Issue” centers on Kate Fagan’s excellent profile of Brittney Griner, which follows Griner’s growth from a girl experimenting with her identity, to a teenager at a university eager for her basketball skills but uncomfortable with her sexual orientation, to a woman who is singlehandedly upending gender expectations for athletic women.

The WNBA, like many women’s sports has, either consciously or subconsciously, pushed sexuality to the backburner in an effort to appeal to straight fans they fear may be turned off by an open embrace of a lesbian-friendly brand. But as Fagan’s profile makes clear, the league is now planning to use Griner, who came out just before the Phoenix Mercury made her the top overall pick in the league’s draft in May, to change that:

Griner happily embraces what the WNBA has long shied away from: controversy. “It’s always been, ‘Oh, it’s just so nice the girls can play,’” says Mercury president Amber Cox. “We want role models, but we need lightning rods to balance things out. In that sense, Brittney has taken us to the next level. If someone is invoking emotion in people, they care. And apathy has been our biggest enemy.”

Griner’s arrival coincides with intriguing new research about WNBA fans. League executives admit that their marketing efforts have been schizophrenic at times as they’ve searched for a common thread among their eclectic audience. Now the research shows a theme: People who support the WNBA have progressive views on gender. “They share the ultimate goal of living in a world where gender equality exists in all its forms,” says league president Laurel Richie.

The WNBA has been building toward the emergence of a player who can embody this philosophy, and now here she is with her size 17 sneakers and 88-inch wingspan. “This feels like a magical moment,” Richie says. “I think years from now, we’ll look back on 2013 as the pivotal year for this league.”

And the WNBA isn’t the only organization that’s ready to embrace–and market–Griner for who she is. Nike’s also signed Griner to an endorsement deal in which she’ll wear both men’s and women’s clothing. “We can’t get into specifics,” Nike spokesman Brian Strong told Fagan, “but it’s safe to say we jumped at the opportunity to work with her because she breaks the mold.” It’s entirely possible that before the end of her career, athletes of both genders could be rocking Air Griners like the Air Jordans of a generation ago.

All this, it seems, is evidence of what Grantland’s Wesley Morris calls the “quiet queering of professional sports,” where the culture has made it apparent that it is ready to be more open about sexuality and gender even without a wave of athletes rushing to come out (though the recent high-profile coming outs have only helped). It’s a world where women like Griner and her fellow draftees are wearing men’s suits, jeans, t-shirts, and sneakers and men like Dwyane Wade are wearing capri pants, tight jeans, and lens-less glasses. A fashion culture that might have caused derogatory inquisitions about sexuality among media and fans several years ago — from Paul George’s outlandish green pants and paisley top, Russell Westbrook’s frames and patterned shirts (which have spawned blogs of their own), or Griner’s suits and bowties — may still be fodder for intrigue and amusement, but there’s a fair bit of stylistic admiration in the mix,, too. Male athletes are paying attention to fashion, and often times dressing, more like we think women should. Women athletes are dressing more and more like we think men are supposed to. And few of them — and fewer of us — see anything wrong with it. Instead, we seem to be enjoying it.
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Health

Michael Douglas Blames Throat Cancer On Oral Sex, Forgets To Mention The HPV Vaccine Can Avert It

Michael Douglas

In an interview with the Guardian published Monday, actor Michael Douglas said that his throat cancer — which he successfully overcame two years ago — was caused by a sexually transmitted disease he contracted from oral sex. According to Douglas, his 2010 cancer diagnosis didn’t make him regret his heavy smoking and drinking habits over the past several decades because “this particular cancer is caused by HPV, which actually comes about from cunnilingus.”

As demonstrated by the national conversation sparked by actress Angelina Jolie’s disclosure about the steps she took to mitigate her breast cancer risk, public figures can help raise awareness about important health issues by speaking frankly about their own experiences. But Douglas’ announcement likely didn’t help move the conversation forward in that way (particularly since he also joked that cunnilingus is the best cure for HPV). The actor didn’t use his platform to further explain the link between HPV and cancer, or point to the effective prevention methods that can stop the spread of this particular type of STD.

Even though it’s not effective for adults Douglas’ age, the HPV vaccine — commonly known as Gardasil — is an important part of the conversation about STDs, cancer, and sexual health. Gardasil is extremely effective at protecting young people from contracting the virus, particularly if young children first begin receiving dosages at the age of 11. That’s why government health officials recommend that all girls and boys should receive their Gardasil shots while they’re teenagers. But Americans aren’t following that advice.

Cancers related to HPV have been on the rise in the U.S. over the past two years. Public health officials explain that’s a direct result of too few American youth getting vaccinated — just 30 percent of U.S. women receive one or more dosages of the HPV vaccine, which is administered over three doses. Even though study after study has confirmed that the HPV vaccine is safe for young Americans, parents remain resistant to giving their children their recommended HPV shots. That’s largely because the vaccine has been politically contentious over the past several years. Far-right figures like Rep. Michele Bachmann (R-MN) have peddled conspiracy theories that Gardasil could lead to mental retardation, or encourage young girls to become wildly promiscuous.

While it’s certainly true that oral sex can lead to HPV-related cancers, a representative for the actor told CNN that Douglas didn’t mean to imply that cunnilingus was the sole contributor to his cancer diagnosis. According to Douglas’ spokesperson, he meant only that sexual activity was “one of many possible causes.” But headlines about oral sex and throat cancer have already spread throughout the mainstream media.

The continued controversy over the HPV vaccine is yet another example of many Americans’ discomfort with teen sexuality. Rather than ensuring that adolescents receive preventative health resources to help safeguard them in their future years, many socially conservative Americans are too uncomfortable to effectively equip youth with the sexual health tools they need. But — regardless of Douglas’ prominent statement — expressions of sexuality aren’t necessarily as much to blame as our continued failure to protect kids is, particularly since the means to do so are readily available to us.

Alyssa

‘Behind The Candelabra’ And The Corrosive Impact Of The Closet

“It’s funny that this crowd would like something this gay,” Scott Thorson (Matt Damon), tells his date, Bob Black (Scott Bakula) at a Liberace concert in Las Vegas at the beginning of Steven Soderbergh’s HBO movieBehind The Candelabra. “Oh, they have no idea he’s gay,” Bob tells him. That willingness to see what you want to see, and the question of who can hide in plain sight, and under what circumstances, is at the heart of this biopic of the musician, and Scott, who would become his lover. Behind The Candelabra is campy, blunt, and strange, but most of all, it’s an enormously perceptive movie about how the closet works, and how the lack of legal recognition for relationships can become not just a weapon the state uses to distinguish between its citizens, but a void that the people in those relationships can use to hurt and degrade each other.

The New Yorker television critic Emily Nussbaum wrote in her review of the movie that for Liberace, “His was a closet that had its own pleasures, particularly since he had the resources to decorate it to his specifications.” That is undeniably, tackily true, but there’s a larger point there. Liberace had the resources to design a closet that would be largely impregnable to the outside world, including the ability to get rumors about which woman he might be dating, and what kinds of women he liked, into the press, and the lawyers who could successfully mount libel suits in countries like Britain, discouraging other press outlets from pursuing the suggestion that he might be gay. But because Liberace had to construct that closet so carefully, and to consider the consequences were he to be outed, he also had confronted his sexuality fully. If Liberace was going to go to the effort of closeting himself, he was going to make sure he had a dandy time while ensconced in it, whether explaining to Scott that “I’ve had implants,” asking the younger man to use poppers during sex, or consuming pornography and visiting sex shops.

Scott, by contrast, has neither Liberace’s need nor resources to hide his sexuality from the outside world. His foster parents seem relatively understanding about his sexuality—though not his decision to take up with the older musician—and before he meets Liberace, he’s obviously got a social life, meeting Bob at a Los Angeles bar. But Scott also seems to have a more ill-defined relationship to his sexuality, and to the very act of sex with men, than his more formally closeted lover. He maintains that he’s bisexual, a sexual identity regarded with contempt by Liberace’s houseboy Carlucci (Bruce Ramsay), who witheringly tells Scott that he’s replaceable, and later by Liberace himself, who says he sees no evidence that Scott likes women at all, suggesting that bisexuality is a sort of waystation Scott’s stuck at because he can’t admit that he’s gay. And it’s not just the label he uses that comes under criticism from Liberace. “I don’t know how you can be gay and be such a prude,” the older man asks Scott when the younger man objects to some of the pornography Liberace is watching. “Disgusting is all in the eye of the disgustee.” And when Liberace wants to switch up their customary sexual positions, Scott expresses discomfort, telling his lover no “Because I don’t like it…Because it’s kind of repugnant.” “Only when it’s done to you,” Liberace deftly diagnoses him.
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Alyssa

Robbie Rogers Becomes First Openly Gay Male To Play In Major American Team Sports

(Credit: Getty Images)

For 76 minutes and 35 seconds, Sunday night’s contest between the Los Angeles Galaxy and Seattle Sounders was nothing if not normal, a mid-season clash between two teams vying for a playoff spot in Major League Soccer’s Western Conference. The Galaxy by that point had secured the win, thanks to three goals and an assist from forward Robbie Keane, whose 44th minute penalty kick put Los Angeles ahead 4-0. The last 15 minutes seemed to promise little more than a slog across the 90 minute finish line.

That’s when Robbie Rogers rose to the sideline, and when an early summer match turned into a historic moment in American sports.

When Rogers took the pitch, replacing midfielder Juninho, he became the first openly gay male to ever appear in a game in one of America’s major sports—and for those doubting soccer’s status as a major American sport, the average crowd for an MLS match is larger than those in both the National Hockey League and National Basketball Association.

The moment couldn’t be overstated. Not for Rogers, a man who spent his closeted years “living all that time with just a cramp in your stomach,” hoping he didn’t “do something that makes people wonder, is Robbie gay?” Not for Rogers, a man who retired when he finally came out in February, at age 25, in a blog post on his personal web site because didn’t “want to deal with the circus” of being the first openly gay player, because he didn’t want to face questions from the media or taunts from the fans. Neither could it be overstated for a gay community that has waited for this moment for so long, for a sports world that has moved, if belatedly, to make itself a more open and tolerant place for LGBT players and fans. But he unretired and announced that he’d signed with the Galaxy on Saturday, and made history just a day later.

“What a moment for number 14,” ESPN’s announcer proclaimed as Rogers entered the pitch to a standing ovation from the 24,811 Galaxy faithful, a smile plastered across his face.
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Health

Too Often, Teen Mothers Receive Shame Instead Of Support

(Credit: Pacific Standard Magazine)

This week, news broke that a Michigan school district is barring two teens from displaying their pregnant bellies in their school yearbook. The school district’s superintendent explained that depicting images of teen pregnancy in the yearbook goes against the school’s mission of “promoting abstinence.” One of the pregnant teens said she “went to the bathroom and cried” upon hearing the news.

Aside from the ironic fact that teens who receive abstinence-only education are actually more likely to become pregnant than the students who receive accurate sexual health information about prevention methods, the situation in Michigan also illustrates the pervasive negativity that Americans associate with teenage pregnancies. That attitude ultimately creates a environment that punishes, stigmatizes, and shames young mothers — many of whom are subject to much larger structural issues that are out of their control, like the type of sex education they received in school or the level of poverty they were born into.

Unfortunately, the situation in Michigan is hardly the only example of this dynamic in play. Here are five other instances of teen moms being shamed instead of supported:

1. A North Carolina high schooler’s photo won’t appear in her yearbook because she posed with her newborn son. One teen mom in North Carolina can relate all too well to the pregnant students in Michigan. After posing for a photo with her baby son, she was told that the picture wouldn’t be allowed to appear in the yearbook this year. The school claimed that the image would “promote teen pregnancy” and told the student she had two days to submit a different photo without her son. She declined, saying, “If he wasn’t going to be in it with me, I didn’t want be in it at all.”

2. One Louisiana high school banned pregnant teens from attending classes on campus altogether. Last year, a charter school in Louisiana received significant backlash for its policy forbidding pregnant students from remaining on campus. According to the school handbook, pregnant students were required to either switch to another school or begin a home school program — and if the school “suspected” a girl of being pregnant, administrators could force her to take a pregnancy test to find out for sure. After the ACLU stepped in to file a formal discrimination complaint, the Louisiana Department of Education ordered the school to drop its policy.

3. A celebrity-studded national campaign tells teens that being a mother is incompatible with being successful. Public service campaigns that stigmatize young parents are all too common. Teens are often bombarded with negative messages intended to dissuade them from having a baby at a young age — but instead of focusing on effective information about tools to prevent pregnancy, like information about where to access affordable birth control or other family planning support, these ads simply focus on how teen mothers’ lives are ruined. Many of them also have the added effect of dismissing parenthood altogether. A recent campaign from the Candie’s Foundation depicts celebrity’s faces alongside these messages, including Carly Rae Jepson proclaiming that being a mother prevents women from achieving great things:

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Health

Why Criminalizing Teen Sexuality Isn’t The Best Way To Keep Our Youth Safe

(Credit: USA Today)

This month, West Virginia became the latest state to ban teen sexting. Under the state’s new law, minors are barred from making, having, or distributing material that portrays another minor in an “inappropriate sexual manner.” Those who come in violation of the law will be charged with “an act of delinquency” and, instead of being faced with criminal charges, will be required to enroll in an educational program to learn more about the potential long-term consequences of sexting.

West Virginia law already prohibited adults from sexting with minors — a situation that represents a clear abuse of power, and can fall under child pornography charges. The new measure goes further to restrict this type of sexual activity among peers. “I think it’s long overdue,” one parent told a local NBC affiliate. “I think [sexting] gets our [nation's] kids in a lot of trouble, gets them active in sex way earlier than they should be.”

That attitude is likely mirrored in the other states across the country that have imposed some legislation to address youth sexting. According to the National Conference of State Legislatures, at least 20 states have enacted some kind of teen sexting measure. Some legislative pushes in this area have been a response to incidences of cyberbullying, and hope to prevent teens from distributing explicit photos in a way that is intended to cause emotional harm. The anti-sexting laws range from requiring schools to distribute educational materials about the dangers of sexting, to fining high schoolers for being in possession of an explicit photo on their cell phone, to serving teens with a misdemeanor change for texting a sexual image of themselves.

Of course, it’s incredibly important to make teens aware of the long-term consequences of their actions, encourage healthy sexual behavior, and crack down on cyberbullying. But punishing teens for their sexual activity isn’t necessarily the best way to go about accomplishing any of those goals. First of all, despite the media’s consistent hand-wringing over the perils of new technology and the corruption of American youth, sexting is not actually an inherently dangerous sexual activity. It’s not necessarily correlated to other types of more “deviant” behavior, either. And ultimately, sexting bans don’t proactively encourage teens to safeguard their sexual health.

That’s because this type of legislation doesn’t help foster a culture in which teens grow up learning how to respect themselves and others, make responsible choices, and honor their sexual partners’ consent. Instead, anti-sexting laws simply further the pervasive attitude that expressions of teen sexuality are always dangerous and shameful. As the failures of abstinence education programs have already demonstrated, stigmatizing sexual expression isn’t actually an effective way to keep teens safe, since it doesn’t encourage them to practice healthy behavior or feel comfortable enough to ask questions. And, if teachers and principals are empowered to confiscate students’ phones to investigate potential illegal behavior, anti-sexting laws could also create a high school environment where every teen is automatically a suspect.

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Health

WATCH: CNN Anchor Bullies Amanda Knox Over Rumors Of ‘Sexual Deviance’

When Amanda Knox was accused of murdering her roommate, Meredith Kercher, in 2007, the prosecution and the Italian media helped fuel baseless but titillating rumors that Knox was a sex fiend who killed Kercher for refusing to participate in an orgy. On Tuesday night, Chris Cuomo attempted to bully and shame the 25-year-old with his own theories about her sex life.

Cuomo peppered Knox with invasive questions about her sexual preferences, demanding to know if she was hiding “freaky sexual things”:

CUOMO: Were you into deviant sex? Insensitive question, but hey, we gotta get to what it is. This fuels the doubt. Were you into that kind of experimentation?

KNOX: No.

CUOMO: Did Meredith suspect you were into these types of things and created a barrier between the two of you?

KNOX: No.

CUOMO: And therefore you resented her because she was judging you? None of that?

KNOX: No. Absolutely not. There’s no evidence of that.

CUOMO: That’s the theory. Knox is into some freaky sexual things. She tried to pull in Meredith, who was a staid, buttoned-up Brit, she wasn’t into it, and it went wrong…That was in the discussion of the judges, yes?

KNOX: Absolutely. I was there in the courtroom when they were calling me things like “violent,” “whore,” and “deviant.” And it’s all untrue.

CUOMO: Where are they getting that from? Did you have any type of experimental activities that you’re embarrassed to talk about? That they know about?

KNOX: Well in the book I talk about all my sexual experiences, and I haven’t needed to talk about the details of that because they aren’t deviant. I wasn’t strapping on leather and bearing a whip. I’ve never done that.

CUOMO: No group activities?

KNOX: I’ve never taken part in an orgy, ever.

Watch it:

As Knox became more agitated and appeared to be on the verge of tears, Cuomo continued to insist that someone must have told the prosecution that Knox had a secret kinky sex life, even asserting, “you’re a freak!” Finally, she burst out:

They didn’t get it from me, and they didn’t get it from witnesses. It literally came from the prosecution. And this is what I’ve been up against this entire time. This fact that the prosecution was projecting onto what happened their own theories about young women and women who are…I was sexually active. I was not sexually deviant.

Cuomo’s attempt to use suggestions of sexual deviance to bully Knox follows in a long tradition of public entitlement to scrutinize and judge female sexuality. The recent string of highly publicized sexual assaults has exposed how the media weaves narratives in which “drunk party girls” get what they deserve. Meanwhile, comprehensive sex education is stifled in many conservative states lest children become too comfortable with their sexuality.

However, many women are starting to call out their bullies, from Anne Hathaway’s cold response to questions about a revealing photo to 17-year-old Katelyn Campbell’s protest of an abstinence assembly that told students their mothers would hate them if they used birth control. Most recently, kidnap and rape victim Elizabeth Smart spoke out about the culture of sexual purity that taught her she was worthless after her rape. And Knox, staying composed in response to Cuomo’s probing, firmly refused to equate sexuality with guilt in the public eye.

Alyssa

What The Internet Fame Of Cleveland Hero Charles Ramsey Tells Us About Race, Trust, And Community

Over the past several days, we’ve heard a great deal, about the happy (if you can call the tend of ten years of torment straightforwardly happy) ending to a horrific triple—or maybe quadruple—kidnapping in Cleveland, and the man who brought it about. Charles Ramsey, who lived near the house in which Amanda Berry, Michelle Knight, and Gina DeJesus were held, raped, and tortured for a decade, became a hero when he responded to Berry’s calls for help, thinking he was intervening in a simple domestic violence incident. And he has become an internet celebrity thanks to an interview he gave about the case afterwards. The speed with which the latter status has eclipsed the former has been striking, and raised interesting and important questions about our willingness to turn people of color into memes rather than heroes.

At NPR, Gene Demby points out that the ways in which men like Ramsey become memes, and the grounds on which they’re treated as if they’re likable, are reductive rather than respectful, cute rather than heroic—and when those images crumble, the credit we extend to them and the rewards that follow tend to disappear:

But race and class seemed to be central to the celebrity of all these people. They were poor. They were black. Their hair was kind of a mess. And they were unashamed. That’s still weird and chuckle-worthy.

On the face of it, the memes, the Auto-Tune remixes and the laughing seem purely celebratory. But what feels like celebration can also carry with it the undertone of condescension. Amid the hood backdrop — the gnarled teeth, the dirty white tee, the slang, the shout-out to McDonald’s — we miss the fact that Charles Ramsey is perfectly lucid and intelligent.

And at Slate, Aisha Harris breaks down the ways in which the “memorable soundbites” uttered by people like Ramsey or Antoine Dodson becomes the most memorable thing about them, rather than the acts that brought them to public attention in the first place. She writes:

It’s difficult to watch these videos and not sense that their popularity has something to do with a persistent, if unconscious, desire to see black people perform. Even before the genuinely heroic Ramsey came along, some viewers had expressed concern that the laughter directed at people like Sweet Brown plays into the most basic stereotyping of blacks as simple-minded ramblers living in the “ghetto,” socially out of step with the rest of educated America. Black or white, seeing Clark and Dodson merely as funny instances of random poor people talking nonsense is disrespectful at best. And shushing away the question of race seems like wishful thinking.

I think both Harris and Demby are correct, and that it’s worth sorting out both a conscious and unconscious set of impulses that are at work in meme-ifying people in these particular circumstances.
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